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首页> 外文期刊>Nano letters >Force output, control of film structure, and microscale shape transfer by carbon nanotube growth under mechanical pressure
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Force output, control of film structure, and microscale shape transfer by carbon nanotube growth under mechanical pressure

机译：力输出，膜结构的控制以及在机械压力下通过碳纳米管的生长进行微观尺度的形状转移

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摘要

We demonstrate that a film of vertically aligned multiwall carbon nanotubes (CNTs) can exert mechanical energy as it grows, and in our experiments the average force output is approximately 0.16 nN per CNT, for CNTs having an outer diameter of 9 nm and five walls. The film thickness after a fixed growth time and the alignment of CNTs within the film decrease concomitantly with increasing pressure which is applied by placing a weight on the catalyst substrate prior to growth, and CNTs grown under applied pressure exhibit significant structural faults. The measured mechanical energy density of CNT growth is significantly less than the energies of primary steps in the CNT formation process yet, based on the film volume, is comparable to the energy density of muscle and based on the volume of CNTs is comparable to hydraulic actuators. We utilize this principle to fabricate three-dimensional structures of CNTs which conform to the shape of a microfabricated template. This technique is a catalytic analogue to micromolding of polymer and metal microstructures; it enables growth of nanostructures in arbitrarily shaped forms having sloped surfaces and nonorthogonal corners and does not require patterning of the catalyst before growth.
机译：我们证明，垂直排列的多壁碳纳米管（CNT）膜可以随着其生长而施加机械能，并且在我们的实验中，对于外径为9 nm的碳纳米管和五壁碳纳米管，平均力输出约为每根CNT 0.16 nN。固定的生长时间后的膜厚和膜中CNT的排列随压力的增加而降低，这是通过在生长之前将重物放在催化剂基材上而施加的，并且在施加的压力下生长的CNT表现出明显的结构缺陷。测得的CNT生长的机械能密度显着小于CNT形成过程中主要步骤的能量，但基于薄膜体积，可与肌肉的能量密度相媲美，基于CNT的体积可与液压致动器相媲美。我们利用这一原理来制造符合微加工模板形状的CNT三维结构。该技术是聚合物和金属微结构的微成型的催化类似物。它可以使具有倾斜表面和非正交角的任意形状的纳米结构生长，并且不需要在生长之前对催化剂进行构图。

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