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首页> 外文期刊>Biological Control: Theory and Application in Pest Management >Cowpea resistance induced against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp tracheiphilum by crustaceous chitosan and by biomass and chitosan obtained from Cunninghamella elegans
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Cowpea resistance induced against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp tracheiphilum by crustaceous chitosan and by biomass and chitosan obtained from Cunninghamella elegans

机译：pea豆对枯萎镰刀菌的抗性诱导。硬壳壳聚糖以及秀丽线虫的生物量和壳聚糖

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Pathogenic microorganisms increase the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and the response can cause oxidative damage and even death in a plant. Plant resistance inducers activate antioxidant enzymes such as catalase (CAT) and peroxidase (POX). The aims of this study were to evaluate the antimicrobial activity and the potential to induce the CAT and POX activities by the biopolymer chitosan in cowpea plants inoculated with the phytopathogen Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. tracheiphilum. The antimicrobial activity of crustaceous chitosan (CrCh) was tested in a laboratory assay and analyzed by optic and scanning electron microscopy. In a greenhouse experiment, the effectiveness of CrCh, fungal chitosan obtained from Cunninghamella elegans (C.eCh), and C. elegans biomass (C.eCh source) plus NPK biofertilizer, named bioprotector (C. elegans + NPKB), were evaluated in relation to the disease severity and the CAT and POX activities in cowpea plants infected with F. oxysporum f. sp. tracheiphilum. The higher rates of CrCh (4.0-6.0 mg mL(-1)) showed the total fungicide ability, and the other concentrations (0.5-3.0 mg mL(-1)) promoted a greater fungistatic effect and morphological changes on the growth of F. oxysporum f. sp. tracheiphilum during the antimicrobial test in vitro. Chitosan effectively protected cowpea plants against this pathogen. The higher chitosan concentrations (4.0 and 6.0 mg mL(-1)) were directly related to CAT and POX activity, which controlled the ROS equilibrium for plant resistance and resulted in a significant reduction of the disease severity in cowpea. These findings are important for the establishment of a sustainable agriculture and to avoid the use of pesticides. (C) 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
机译：病原微生物会增加活性氧（ROS）的产生，这种反应会导致氧化损伤，甚至导致植物死亡。植物抗性诱导剂激活抗氧化酶，例如过氧化氢酶（CAT）和过氧化物酶（POX）。本研究的目的是评估生物素壳聚糖在接种了植物病原菌镰刀菌f的cow豆植物中的抗菌活性以及诱导CAT和POX活性的潜力。 sp。气管。壳聚糖（CrCh）的抗菌活性在实验室分析中进行了测试，并通过光学和扫描电子显微镜进行了分析。在温室实验中，评估了CrCh，得自秀丽线虫（C.eCh）的真菌壳聚糖和秀丽线虫生物量（C.eCh来源）加上称为生物保护剂（NP。elegans + NPKB）的NPK生物肥料的有效性。与被氧化镰刀菌感染的cow豆植物的病害严重程度以及CAT和POX活性的关系sp。气管。较高的CrCh（4.0-6.0 mg mL（-1））表现出总的杀菌能力，而其他浓度（0.5-3.0 mg mL（-1））则对F的生长具有更大的抑菌作用和形态变化。 oxysporum f。 sp。气管期间进行体外抗菌试验。壳聚糖有效地保护了pea豆植物免受这种病原体的侵害。较高的壳聚糖浓度（4.0和6.0 mg mL（-1））与CAT和POX活性直接相关，这控制了植物抗性的ROS平衡，并导致reduction豆的病害严重程度大大降低。这些发现对建立可持续农业和避免使用农药很重要。 （C）2015 Elsevier Inc.保留所有权利。

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