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Selection of historic heavy large-scale rainfall events in the Czech Republic

机译：捷克共和国历史性的大规模降雨事件的选择

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The Central European floods of July 1997 and August 2002 spotlighted the need for systematic research of the relationships between synoptic-scale conditions and heavy large-scale rainfalls. Creating a set of historic events underlies such research. We defined the criterion for their selection, which is based on daily areal precipitation amounts in predefined sub-regions. To stress the hydrological responses of precipitation, the criterion expresses the temporal distribution of daily areal precipitation in a three-day period. We applied the criterion to clusters of the Czech Republic river basins that were affected by high areal precipitation almost simultaneously during individual events. Finally, we selected events with the ten highest criterion values within each cluster during the warmer half-years from 1951 to 2006. Regarding the spatial extent of heavy rainfalls, we identified a few events during which a substantial part of the Czech Republic was affected. The events include, for instance, the floods of July 1997 and August 2002 that were unique in terms of precipitation totals. The uniqueness of the event in 2002 is that it consisted of two episodes that occurred in rapid succession and demonstrated heavy rainfall that affected almost the same area. Regarding the spatial distribution of precipitation, we identified several groups of events in which heavy rainfall affected similar sub-regions of the Czech Republic. This attribute was most likely related to similar synoptic-scale conditions. In terms of the seasonal variability, the most significant events were concentrated in high summer, which is typical of orographically exposed clusters. Interannual variability of the events was characterized by two main ten-year periods with a rather low frequency of occurrence followed by the years with increased frequency. The analysis of both the hydrological responses and synoptic-dynamic conditions of the events will be the object of further research.
机译：1997年7月和2002年8月的中欧洪水，突显了对天气尺度条件与强降雨的关系进行系统研究的必要性。创建一系列历史事件是此类研究的基础。我们定义了选择标准，该标准基于预定义子区域中的每日降水量。为了强调降水的水文响应，该标准表达了三天内每日面降水的时间分布。我们将该标准应用于在个别事件中几乎同时受到高区域降水影响的捷克共和国河流流域。最后，我们从1951年到2006年的较暖半年中，选择了每个群集中具有十个最高标准值的事件。关于强降雨的空间范围，我们确定了一些影响捷克共和国大部分地区的事件。这些事件包括，例如，1997年7月和2002年8月的洪水，在降水总量方面是独特的。该事件在2002年的独特之处在于它包括两个连续快速发生的事件，这些事件表明暴雨影响了几乎同一地区。关于降水的空间分布，我们确定了几组事件，其中大雨影响了捷克共和国的类似次区域。此属性最有可能与类似的天气尺度条件有关。就季节变化而言，最显着的事件集中在盛夏，这是在地形上暴露的星团的典型特征。事件的年际可变性的特征是两个主要的十年期，其发生频率相当低，其次是频率增加的年份。对事件的水文响应和天气动力学条件的分析将成为进一步研究的对象。

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