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首页> 外文期刊>Neuropsychologia >Face-specific impairment in holistic perception following focal lesion of the right anterior temporal lobe
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Face-specific impairment in holistic perception following focal lesion of the right anterior temporal lobe

机译：右前颞叶局灶性病变后整体知觉的面部特异性障碍

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Recent studies have provided solid evidence for pure cases of prosopagnosia following brain damage. The patients reported so far have posterior lesions encompassing either or both the right inferior occipital cortex and fusiform gyrus, and exhibit a critical impairment in generating a sufficiently detailed holistic percept to individualize faces. Here, we extended these observations to include the prosopagnosic patient LR (Bukach, Bub, Gauthier, & Tarr, 2006), whose damage is restricted to the anterior region of the right temporal lobe. First, we report that LR is able to discriminate parametrically defined individual exemplars of nonface object categories as accurately and quickly as typical observers, which suggests that the visual similarity account of prosopagnosia does not explain his impairments. Then, we show that LR does not present with the typical face inversion effect, whole-part advantage, or composite face effect and, therefore, has impaired holistic perception of individual faces. Moreover, the patient is more impaired at matching faces when the facial part he fixates is masked than when it is selectively revealed by means of gaze contingency. Altogether these observations support the view that the nature of the critical face impairment does not differ qualitatively across patients with acquired prosopagnosia, regardless of the localization of brain damage: all these patients appear to be impaired to some extent at what constitutes the heart of our visual expertise with faces, namely holistic perception at a sufficiently fine-grained level of resolution to discriminate exemplars of the face class efficiently. This conclusion raises issues regarding the existing criteria for diagnosis/classification of patients as cases of apperceptive or associative prosopagnosia.
机译：最近的研究为脑损伤后单纯性停经病的病例提供了有力的证据。迄今为止报道的患者的后部病变包括右枕下皮质和梭状回中的一个或两个，并且在产生足够详细的整体感知以个性化面部方面显示出严重的损害。在这里，我们将这些观察结果扩展到包括患有围绝经期的患者LR（Bukach，Bub，Gauthier和Tarr，2006年），其损害仅限于右颞叶的前部区域。首先，我们报告说LR能够像典型的观察者一样准确，快速地区分出参数定义的非面部对象类别的个体样本，这表明前瞻性的视觉相似性不能解释其缺陷。然后，我们表明LR不具有典型的面部倒置效果，整体优势或复合面部效果，因此削弱了单个面部的整体感知能力。此外，与通过凝视偶然性有选择地露出来的患者相比，当患者固定的面部被遮盖时，患者在匹配面部时更容易受到伤害。总而言之，这些观察结果支持以下观点：无论大脑受损的位置如何，对于获得性围手术期患者而言，严重面部损伤的性质在质量上均无差异：所有这些患者在某种程度上损害了我们视力的心脏具有面部专业知识，即在足够细粒度的分辨率下进行整体感知，以有效地区分面部模型。该结论提出了关于将患者诊断/分类为知觉或相关性围绝经症的现有标准的问题。

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