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Structure of Telomeric Chromatin in Drosophila

机译：果蝇中端粒染色质的结构

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摘要

The telomeric nucleoprotein complex protects linear chromosome ends from degradation.In contrast to most eukaryotes in which telomerase is responsible for telomere elongation by adding short DNA repeats synthesized using an RNA template,the telomere elongation in Drosophila involves transposition of specialized telomeric retroelements onto chromosome ends.Proteins that bind telomeric and subtelomeric sequences form specific telomeric chromatin,and its components are highly conserved among organisms employing different mechanisms of telomere elongation.This review is focused on the analysis of components of the Drosophila telomeric complex and its comparison with telomeric proteins in telomerase-encoded organisms.Structural and functional analysis of Drosophila telomeres suggests that there are three distinct chromatin regions:protective structure at the very end of chromosome(cap),subtelomeric region which is characterized by condensed chromatin structure,and the terminal retrotransposon array whose expression is under the control of an RNAi(RNA interference)-based mechanism.The link between RNAi and telomeric chromatin formation in germinal tissues is discussed.
机译：端粒核蛋白复合物可保护线性染色体末端免于降解。与大多数真核生物相比，端粒酶负责通过添加使用RNA模板合成的短DNA重复序列来端粒延伸，果蝇中的端粒延伸涉及将特异端粒逆转录元件转座到染色体末端上。结合端粒和亚端粒序列的蛋白质形成特定的端粒染色质，其组成在端粒延长机制不同的生物中高度保守。本文的重点是果蝇端粒复合物的成分分析及其与端粒酶-端粒中端粒蛋白的比较。果蝇端粒的结构和功能分析表明，存在三个不同的染色质区域：染色体（帽）末端的保护结构，以染色质结构浓缩为特征的亚端粒区域和末端逆转座子在表达上受RNAi（RNA干扰）机制控制的阵列上。讨论了RNAi与生发组织端粒染色质形成之间的联系。

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