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首页> 外文期刊>Cell biology international. >Can mesenchymal stem cells reduce vulnerability of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra to oxidative insult in individuals at risk to Parkinson's disease?
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Can mesenchymal stem cells reduce vulnerability of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra to oxidative insult in individuals at risk to Parkinson's disease?

机译：间充质干细胞能否降低黑质中多巴胺能神经元对遭受帕金森氏病风险的个体的氧化损伤的脆弱性？

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PD (Parkinson's disease) is characterized by the selective loss of DA (dopaminergic) neurons in the substantia nigra of the midbrain region, but not in the ventral tegmental area and other catecholaminergic cell group areas. The aetiology of PD is attributed both to environmental and genetic causes, and certain population of individuals may be classified as at risk of developing PD later in life. However, there are as yet no therapy regimens that can help to delay or prevent the onset of the disease to realize long-term benefits from this early diagnosis. In PD, a vicious cycle gets initiated in the substantia nigra, because of which susceptible neurons continue to degenerate whereas damaged neurons do not get enough support for regeneration. This happens primarily because of the local environment of oxidative damage brought about by the dual presence of dopamine and high levels of iron, decline in cellular detoxification systems and low density of glial cells surrounding the DA neurons in the mesencephalic region. To enhance the defence mechanism of the substantia nigra in this situation, it is necessary to combat the oxidative insult while providing trophic factors for the survival and regeneration of the damaged neurons. In light of in vitro and in vivo studies, MSCs (mesenchymal stem cells) as candidates for cellbased therapies in PD have greater scope than as mere replacement of cell type, since they can be used as a cellular system for the detoxification of ROS (reactive oxygen species) as well as a supplier of neurotrophic factors to modulate the local environment. Building on progress in unravelling the multipronged effect of MSCs, we therefore hypothesize that MSCs could be used as a prophylactic strategy to delay or prevent the onset of PD in at-risk individuals, and to slow down the progression of the disease.
机译：PD（帕金森氏病）的特征是在中脑黑质区的DA（多巴胺能）神经元选择性丢失，但在腹侧被盖区和其他儿茶酚胺能细胞群区域则没有。 PD的病因既可归因于环境原因，也可归因于遗传原因，某些人群可能被归类为生命后期发展PD的风险。但是，目前尚无治疗方案可以帮助延迟或预防疾病的发作，从而从这种早期诊断中获得长期益处。在PD中，恶性循环在黑质中开始，因此，易感神经元继续退化，而受损的神经元没有得到足够的再生支持。发生这种情况的主要原因是，多巴胺和高铁水平的双重存在导致氧化损伤的局部环境，细胞解毒系统下降，中脑区域DA神经元周围的神经胶质细胞密度低。为了在这种情况下增强黑质的防御机制，有必要在为受损神经元的存活和再生提供营养因子的同时，对抗氧化损伤。根据体外和体内研究，MSCs（间充质干细胞）作为PD中基于细胞的疗法的候选药物，其范围比单纯的细胞类型替代具有更大的范围，因为它们可以用作ROS排毒的细胞系统（反应性氧物质）以及调节局部环境的神经营养因子供应商。因此，我们在阐明MSC的多方面作用的进展的基础上，我们假设MSC可以用作预防策略，以延迟或预防高危人群PD的发作，并减慢疾病的进展。

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