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首页> 外文期刊>Cell and Tissue Research >Localization of an endocannabinoid system in the hypophysial pars tuberalis and pars distalis of man.
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Localization of an endocannabinoid system in the hypophysial pars tuberalis and pars distalis of man.

机译：内源性大麻素系统在人的垂体后部和远端中的定位。

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The hypophysial pars tuberalis (PT) acts as an important interface between neuroendocrine brain centers (hypothalamus, pineal organ) and the pars distalis (PD) of the hypophysis. Recently, we have identified an endocannabinoid system in the PT of hamsters and provided evidence that 2-arachidonoylglycerol is a messenger molecule that appears to play an essential role in seasonal reproduction and prolactin release by acting on the cannabinoid receptors in the PD. We now demonstrate the enzymes involved in endocannabinoid synthesis and degradation, namely sn-1-selective diacylglycerol lipase alpha, N-acylphosphatidylethanolamine-specific phospholipase D, and monoacylglycerol lipase, in the PT of man by means of immunohistochemistry. High-performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry revealed 2-arachidonoylglycerol and other endocannabinoids in the human PT. Furthermore, we detected the expression of the cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB1), a primary receptor for endocannabinoids, in the PD. Double-immunofluorescence staining for CB1 and various hypophysial hormones or S-100, a marker for folliculostellate (FS) cells, revealed that CB1 immunoreactivity was mainly localized to corticotrophs and FS-cells. A limited number of lactotrophs and somatotrophs also showed CB1 immunoreactivity, which was however absent from gonadotrophs and thyrotrophs. Our data thus indicate that the human PT comprises an endocannabinoid system, and that corticotrophs and FS-cells are the main target cells for endocannabinoids. The functional significance of this newly discovered pathway remains to be elucidated in man; it might be related to the control of stress responses and/or reflect a remnant seasonal control of hypophysial hormonal secretion.
机译：垂体旁神经节（PT）是神经内分泌脑中枢（下丘脑，松果体器官）与垂体远侧神经节（PD）之间的重要接口。最近，我们在仓鼠的PT中发现了一个内源性大麻素系统，并提供了证据表明2-花生四烯酰甘油是一种信使分子，通过作用于PD中的大麻素受体，似乎在季节性繁殖和催乳激素释放中起着至关重要的作用。现在，我们通过免疫组织化学证实了参与人内源性大麻素合成和降解的酶，即sn-1-选择性二酰基甘油脂肪酶α，N-酰基磷脂酰乙醇胺特异性磷脂酶D和单酰基甘油脂肪酶。高效液相色谱与串联质谱联用揭示了人PT中的2-花生四烯酰基甘油和其他内源性大麻素。此外，我们在PD中检测到了大麻素受体1（CB1）（一种内源性大麻素的主要受体）的表达。对CB1和各种垂体激素或卵泡状（FS）细胞的标志物S-100进行的双免疫荧光染色显示，CB1的免疫反应性主要集中在皮质激素和FS细胞上。有限数量的乳养生物和体养生物也显示出CB1免疫反应性，但是促性腺激素和甲状腺营养缺乏。因此，我们的数据表明人PT包含一个内源性大麻素系统，而皮质激素和FS细胞是内源性大麻素的主要靶细胞。这种新发现的途径的功能意义尚需在人类中阐明。它可能与压力反应的控制有关和/或反映了对体下激素分泌的残余季节性控制。

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