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首页> 外文期刊>Renewable Agriculture and Food Systems >Organic agriculture in the United States: A 30-year retrospective
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Organic agriculture in the United States: A 30-year retrospective

机译：美国的有机农业：30年回顾展

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Since the early 1980s organic agriculture has undergone enormous growth and innovation in the US and throughout the world. Some observers have pointed to the US Department of Agriculture's 1980 Report and Recommendations on Organic Farming as having provided the catalyst for many of these developments. It is important, however, to understand how the evolving character of organic ideology during the 1960s and 1970s helped lay the foundation for moving organic agriculture onto the US governmental agenda in the early 1980s. We explore these and other contextual factors surrounding the USDA Report's release, including its methods, findings and recommendations, and both positive and negative reactions, as well as those factors that led to the Report's declining influence by the decade's end. The need for agricultural sustainability has played an important role in shaping, not only the path of organic agriculture in the US but also the overall politics of American agriculture. Legislative efforts to support organic agriculture have evolved along with this altered policy environment and are considered here within the broader context of the politics of sustainable agriculture. Next, we consider the organic industry's transition from a privately managed enterprise to the pivotal role now played by the federal government in the administration of the National Organic Program. Calls to move beyond organic' are also examined. Finally, we explore the impact of sustainable agriculture, agricultural research and farm structure upon the future of organic agriculture in the US. The politics within these three interrelated domains of public agricultural policy will likely bear heavily upon the future of organic farming and the organic industry as a whole.
机译：自1980年代初以来，有机农业在美国乃至全世界都经历了巨大的增长和创新。一些观察家指出，美国农业部的《 1980年有机农业报告和建议》为许多此类发展提供了催化剂。但是，重要的是要了解1960年代和1970年代有机意识形态的不断演变的特性如何为在1980年代初期将有机农业纳入美国政府议程奠定了基础。我们探讨了有关USDA报告发布的这些及其他背景因素，包括其方法，发现和建议，以及正面和负面的反应，以及导致该报告在本世纪末影响力下降的那些因素。对农业可持续性的需求不仅在塑造美国有机农业的道路，而且在塑造美国农业的整体政治方面都发挥了重要作用。支持有机农业的立法工作随着政策环境的变化而发展，在这里将其视为可持续农业政治的更广泛背景。接下来，我们考虑有机产业从私营企业过渡到联邦政府现在在国家有机计划管理中所起的关键作用。还研究了超越自然有机的呼声。最后，我们探讨了可持续农业，农业研究和农场结构对美国有机农业未来的影响。公共农业政策的这三个相互关联的领域内的政治可能会严重影响有机农业和整个有机产业的未来。

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