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Green catalysis by nanoparticulate catalysts developed for flow processing? Case study of glucose hydrogenation

机译：开发用于流处理的纳米颗粒催化剂的绿色催化？葡萄糖加氢的案例研究

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摘要

Heterogeneous catalysis, flow chemistry, continuous processing, green solvents, catalyst immobilization and recycling are some of the most relevant, emerging key technologies to achieve green synthesis. However, a quantification of potential effects on a case to case level is required to provide a profound answer, whether they can lead to a superior process compared to the industrial standard. To do so, holistic environmental assessment approaches are very useful tools providing insights and decision support during the process development phase. Herein, novel heterogeneous nanoparticulate ruthenium catalysts immobilized on hyperbranched polystyrene (HPS) and nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes (NCNT) were investigated with respect to their potential environmental impacts and improvements if utilized in an industrially highly relevant process, namely glucose hydrogenation to sorbitol. The results of a comparative Life Cycle Assessment of the alternative catalytic systems under consideration of RANEY (R) nickel as benchmark catalyst revealed that in particular Ru nanoparticles on porous HPS beads processed under flow-chemistry conditions have the potential to improve the greenness of the overall synthesis, but the concentration of glucose in the reaction mixture is in fact the most influential parameter.
机译：非均相催化，流化学，连续处理，绿色溶剂，催化剂固定和回收是实现绿色合成最相关，新兴的关键技术。但是，需要对案例之间的潜在影响进行量化，以提供一个深刻的答案，即与工业标准相比，它们是否可以导致更好的流程。为此，整体环境评估方法是非常有用的工具，可在过程开发阶段提供见解和决策支持。在本文中，研究了固定在超支化聚苯乙烯（HPS）和氮掺杂的碳纳米管（NCNT）上的新型异质纳米颗粒钌催化剂，如果在工业上高度相关的过程（即葡萄糖加氢至山梨糖醇）中使用，可能会产生潜在的环境影响并加以改善。以RANEY（R）镍为基准催化剂的替代催化体系的生命周期比较评估结果表明，特别是在流化条件下加工的多孔HPS珠粒上的Ru纳米粒子有可能改善整体绿色合成，但是反应混合物中葡萄糖的浓度实际上是最有影响力的参数。

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