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首页> 外文期刊>Occupational and environmental medicine >Associations of low-level urine cadmium with kidney function in lead workers.
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Associations of low-level urine cadmium with kidney function in lead workers.

机译：铅工人中低水平尿镉与肾脏功能的关系。

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OBJECTIVES: Low-level cadmium exposure, resulting in, for example, urinary cadmium <2.0 mug/g creatinine, is widespread; recent data suggest nephrotoxicity even at these low levels. Few studies have examined the impact of low-level cadmium exposure in workers who are occupationally exposed to other nephrotoxicants such as lead. METHODS: We evaluated associations of urine cadmium, a measure of cumulative dose, with four glomerular filtration measures and N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (NAG) in lead workers. Recent and cumulative lead doses were assessed via blood and tibia lead, respectively. RESULTS: In 712 lead workers, mean (SD) blood and tibia lead values, urine cadmium values and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) using the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease equation were 23.1 (14.1) mug/dl, 26.6 (28.9) mug Pb/g bone mineral, 1.15 (0.66) mug/g creatinine and 97.4 (19.2) ml/min/1.73 m(2), respectively. After adjustment for age, sex, body mass index, urine creatinine, smoking, alcohol, education, annual income, diastolic blood pressure, current or former lead worker job status, new or returning study participant, and blood and tibia lead, higher ln-urine cadmium was associated with higher calculated creatinine clearance, eGFR (beta = 8.7 ml/min/1.73 m(2); 95% CI 5.4 to 12.1) and ln-NAG but lower serum creatinine. CONCLUSIONS: Potential explanations for these results include a normal physiological response in which urine cadmium levels reflect renal filtration, the impact of adjustment for urine dilution with creatinine in models of kidney outcomes, and cadmium-related hyperfiltration.
机译：目的：广泛暴露于低水平的镉，导致例如尿镉<2.0马克杯/克肌酐。最近的数据表明即使在这些低水平下也有肾毒性。很少有研究检查过低水平镉暴露对职业上暴露于其他肾脏毒性物质（如铅）的工人的影响。方法：我们评估了铅工人中尿镉（一种累积剂量的量度）与四种肾小球滤过率测定法和N-乙酰-β-D-葡萄糖苷酶（NAG）之间的关系。最近和累积的铅剂量分别通过血液和胫骨铅来评估。结果：在712名铅工人中，平均饮食（SD）和胫骨铅值，尿镉值和肾病饮食饮食方程的估计肾小球滤过率（eGFR）为23.1（14.1）杯/分升，26.6（28.9）杯子Pb / g骨矿物质，1.15（0.66）杯子/ g肌酐和97.4（19.2）ml / min / 1.73 m（2）。在调整了年龄，性别，体重指数，尿肌酐，吸烟，饮酒，受教育程度，年收入，舒张压，当前或以前的主要工作者的工作状态，新的或返回的研究参与者以及血液和胫骨的铅之后，较高的ln-尿镉与较高的肌酐清除率，eGFR（β= 8.7 ml / min / 1.73 m（2）; 95％CI 5.4至12.1）和ln-NAG相关，但血清肌酐较低。结论：这些结果的潜在解释包括正常的生理反应，其中尿镉水平反映了肾脏滤过作用，用肌酐调整尿液稀释度对肾脏预后模型的影响以及与镉有关的超滤作用。

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