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Effect of Nitrogen Rate and the Environment on Physicochemical Properties of Selected High-Amylose Rice Cultivars

机译：施氮量和环境对精选高直链淀粉水稻品种理化特性的影响

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摘要

Genetic marker haplotypes for the Waxy and alk genes are associated with amylose content and gelatinization temperature, respectively, and are used by breeders to develop rice cultivars that have physicochemical properties desired by the parboiling and canning industries. Cultivars that provide consistent processing quality across diverse production environments are important to the industry. This study determined if measures of processing quality differed among cultivars, fertility treatments, and production environments. Nine cultivars having high amylose content (> 23.0%) but with different Waxy and alk haplotypes were evaluated in three environments and using three nitrogen fertility levels. Although environment and fertility levels significantly (P < 0.05) impacted protein content, gelatinization temperatures, and peak, trough, and final paste viscosities, cultivars performed consistently across production environments and fertility applications. Differences were observed among cultivars in paste viscosity measures and gelatinization temperatures that corresponded with their Waxy and alk haplotypes. However, discriminant analysis revealed subgroupings within the same Waxy and alk haplotypes that were primarily differentiated by trough paste viscosity. The results of this study demonstrated that although these high-amylose cultivars had consistent ranking across environments and nitrogen fertility regimes, there were differences in rice processing quality traits that were not apparent from their Waxy and alk haplotypes.
机译：Waxy和alk基因的遗传标记单倍型分别与直链淀粉含量和糊化温度相关，育种者使用它们来开发具有速煮和罐装行业所需的理化特性的水稻品种。在不同的生产环境中提供一致的加工质量的品种对于行业至关重要。这项研究确定了不同品种，生育处理和生产环境之间加工质量的衡量标准是否不同。在三个环境中并使用三个氮肥水平，评估了具有高直链淀粉含量（> 23.0％）但具有不同蜡质和烷基单倍型的9个品种。尽管环境和受精水平显着（P <0.05）影响蛋白质含量，糊化温度以及峰值，谷值和最终糊状粘度，但在整个生产环境和受精应用中，栽培品种表现一致。观察到品种之间的糊状粘度测量值和糊化温度之间存在差异，这与它们的蜡质和烷基单倍型相对应。然而，判别分析显示相同蜡质和烷基单倍型内的亚组主要通过槽糊粘度来区分。这项研究的结果表明，尽管这些高直链淀粉品种在各种环境和氮肥制度下具有一致的排名，但从糯型和碱性单倍型来看，稻米加工品质性状仍存在差异。

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