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首页> 外文期刊>Safety science >Establishing school bus baseline emergency evacuation times for elementary school students
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Establishing school bus baseline emergency evacuation times for elementary school students

机译：为小学生建立校车基线紧急疏散时间

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摘要

Emergency evacuation systems are critical to mass transportation vehicles such as school buses. Previous bus fire propagation tests indicate that the available time for successful evacuation is approximately 3-5 min. Many school districts in the United States utilize school bus routes that exclusively transport children in kindergarten through second/third grade where the bus driver is the only adult onboard. Currently, no standards specify the maximum allowable evacuation time for school buses. Full-scale evacuation trials were performed to measure front door, rear door, and both door (simultaneous) evacuation flow rates for kindergarten through third grade students. The evacuation trials indicated that the grade level of school bus passengers, and available evacuation routes have a significant effect on flow rate (p < 0.05). For evacuation trials with driver's assistance mean flow rate through the front door was 29 children/min, 21 children/min for the rear emergency door, and 36 children/min for evacuations using both doors simultaneously. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
机译：紧急疏散系统对于诸如校车之类的大众运输车辆至关重要。先前的公交车火灾蔓延测试表明，成功疏散的可用时间约为3-5分钟。美国的许多学区都使用校车路线，这些路线专门将幼儿园中的儿童运送到二，三年级，在那里，公交车司机是唯一的成年人。当前，没有标准规定校车的最大允许疏散时间。进行了全面的疏散试验，以测量幼儿园到三年级学生的前门，后门和两扇门（同时）的疏散流速。疏散试验表明，校车乘客的等级和可用的疏散路线对流量有显着影响（p <0.05）。在驾驶员协助下进行的疏散试验中，通过前门的平均流量为29个孩子/分钟，对于后紧急门为21个孩子/分钟，同时使用两个门进行疏散的平均流量为36个孩子/分钟。 （C）2016 Elsevier Ltd.保留所有权利。

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