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首页> 外文期刊>Science and engineering ethics >A Matter of Accuracy. Nanobiochips in Diagnostics and in Research: Ethical Issues as Value Trade-Offs
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A Matter of Accuracy. Nanobiochips in Diagnostics and in Research: Ethical Issues as Value Trade-Offs

机译：准确性问题。诊断和研究中的纳米生物芯片：价值权衡的伦理问题

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摘要

The paper deals with the introduction of nanotechnology in biochips. Based on interviews and theoretical reflections, it explores blind spots left by technology assessment and ethical investigations. These have focused on possible consequences of increased diffusability of a diagnostic device, neglecting both the context of research as well as increased accuracy, despite it being a more essential feature of nanobiochip projects. Also, rather than one of many parallel aspects (technical, legal and social) in innovation processes, ethics is considered here as a ubiquitous system of choices between sometimes antagonistic values. Thus, the paper investigates what is at stake when accuracy is balanced with other practical values in different contexts. Dramatic nanotechnological increase of accuracy in biochips can raise ethical issues, since it is at odds with other values such as diffusability and reliability. But those issues will not be as revolutionary as is often claimed: neither in diagnostics, because accuracy of measurements is not accuracy of diagnostics; nor in research, because a boost in measurement accuracy is not sufficient to overcome significance-chasing malpractices. The conclusion extends to methodological recommendations.
机译：该论文涉及生物芯片中纳米技术的引入。基于访谈和理论反思，它探索了技术评估和道德调查留下的盲点。尽管它们是纳米生物芯片项目的一个更重要的特征，但这些研究都集中在增加诊断设备的扩散性可能带来的后果上，忽略了研究背景和准确性的提高。此外，伦理学不是创新过程中许多平行方面（技术，法律和社会方面）之一，在这里伦理学被认为是有时在对立的价值观之间进行选择的普遍体系。因此，本文研究了在不同情况下精度与其他实际值之间取得平衡时所面临的风险。纳米技术极大地提高了生物芯片的准确性，这可能引起伦理问题，因为它与其他价值（例如扩散性和可靠性）不一致。但是这些问题将不会像通常所声称的那样具有革命性：在诊断中都不会，因为测量的准确性不是诊断的准确性;也不在研究中，因为提高测量精度不足以克服追赶重要性的不当行为。结论延伸到方法上的建议。

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