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Effect of polyaluminum chloride on enhanced softening for the typical organic-polluted high hardness North-China surface waters

机译：聚氯化铝对典型有机污染高硬度华北地表水软化的影响

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摘要

The treatment of organic-polluted high hardness surface water by enhanced softening via precipitation using various coagulants, such as FeCl3, AlCl3 and polyaluminum chloride (PACl), was investigated in bench scale experiments. Higher removal of natural organic matter (NOM) (UV254 removal reaches about 50%) is achieved by enhanced softening with coagulant addition conditions as compared with conventional coagulation at natural pH or by softening alone without coagulation. It is found that PACl could enhance the formation of Mg(OH)2 precipitate to remove NOM efficiently at relative lower pH range (pH <10). Under this circumstance, the pH for enhanced softening can be decreased significantly into the practical pH range for treatment plant operation. The efficiency of enhanced softening is affected significantly not only by pH, coagulant type and dose, but also by raw water quality such as NOM characteristics, magnesium content and hardness. NOM with more hydrophobic content and higher molecular weight may be removed more easily in some situations. For water with higher content of Mg~(2+), the inflexion pH for favorable UV254 removal is lower. It is of practical value for organic-polluted water with high content of magnesium to be treated by enhanced softening with PACl.
机译：在实验室规模的实验中，研究了通过使用各种凝结剂（如FeCl3，AlCl3和聚氯化铝（PACl））通过沉淀增强的软化处理来处理有机污染的高硬度地表水。通过与自然pH值下的常规混凝相比，通过添加混凝剂条件下增强的软化，或通过单独软化而不凝结，可以实现更高的天然有机物去除率（UV254去除率达到约50％）。发现在相对较低的pH范围（pH <10）下，PAC可以增强Mg（OH）2沉淀的形成，从而有效地去除NOM。在这种情况下，可将用于增强软化的pH值大大降低至处理厂运行的实际pH值范围。增强软化的效率不仅受到pH值，凝结剂类型和剂量的影响，而且还受到原水质量（如NOM特性，镁含量和硬度）的影响。在某些情况下，疏水性更高，分子量更高的NOM可能更容易被去除。对于Mg〜（2+）含量较高的水，有利于去除UV254的弯曲pH值较低。通过用PACl增强软化处理具有高镁含量的有机污染水具有实用价值。

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