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Assessment of the potential of blueberry production in South Africa

机译：评估南非蓝莓生产潜力

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The main aim of blueberry production in South Africa is to produce export quality fresh fruit. That is supplied to Europe during their winter. South Africa has a climate at high altitudes suitable for the production of southern highbush and rabbiteye blueberry types. The largest area with the appropriate climate for rabbiteye blueberry production is on the eastern highveld and high altitude areas of the eastern and western Cape. The eastern highveld has a mean annual temperature of 57.9 deg F (14.4deg C), and mean winter minimum/maximum temperatures of 36.3/65.1 deg F (2.4/18.4 deg C), respectively. This area accumulates 500 to 550 chilling units below 44.6 deg F (7 deg C). More than 550 chilling units accumulate in the mountains of the Eastern Cape and in the cold "bokkeveld." The average summer minimum/maximum temperatures of 46.8/73.8 deg F (8.2/23.2 deg C) are close to optimal temperatures reported for blueberry production. Soils with a low clay content and pH of 3.5-4.5 developed in the high rainfall areas on the highveld. Organic matter is available to improve the soil for blueberry production. The occurrence of hail on the highveld necessitates the use of hail netting in blueberry plantings. Competitors of South Africa for blueberry exports are Australasia, South American, and Mediterranean countries. It should be possible to develop an early temporal niche market for fresh fruit export with their cultivation of southern highbush and early fruiting rabbiteye cultivars.
机译：南非蓝莓生产的主要目的是生产出口品质的新鲜水果。那是在冬季供应给欧洲的。南非气候高海拔，适合生产南部高灌木和兔眼蓝莓。气候适宜于兔眼蓝莓生产的最大地区是东部开普省和东部和西部开普省的高海拔地区。东部高地的年平均气温分别为57.9华氏度（14.4摄氏度）和冬季最低/最高平均气温分别为36.3 / 65.1华氏度（2.4 / 18.4摄氏度）。该区域在44.6华氏度（7摄氏度）以下累积500至550个冷却单元。超过550个制冷单元积聚在东开普省的山脉和寒冷的“ bokkeveld”中。夏季平均最低/最高温度为46.8 / 73.8华氏度（8.2 / 23.2摄氏度），接近蓝莓生产的最佳温度。在高积雨区的高降雨地区，土壤黏土含量低，pH值为3.5-4.5。有机物可用于改善蓝莓生产的土壤。高地冰雹的发生需要在蓝莓种植中使用冰雹网。南非蓝莓出口的竞争对手是大洋洲，南美和地中海国家。随着南部高灌木和早果兔眼品种的种植，应该有可能为新鲜水果出口开拓早期的临时利基市场。

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