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首页> 外文期刊>Social science and medicine >A comparison of traditional healers' medicinal plant knowledge in the Bolivian Andes and Amazon.
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A comparison of traditional healers' medicinal plant knowledge in the Bolivian Andes and Amazon.

机译：玻利维亚安第斯山脉和亚马逊地区传统治疗师的药用植物知识比较。

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摘要

Medicinal plant knowledge of two groups of traditional healers was thoroughly studied during a 2-year ethnobotanical survey in the Bolivian Andes (Quechua farmers from Apillapampa) and Amazon rainforest (Yuracare-Trinitario slash-and-burn cultivators from Isiboro-Secure National Park), respectively. Both areas represent ecologically and culturally diverse zones, differing in floristic diversity, physical accessibility to health care and degree of modernization, the latter evidenced by presence or intensity in use of modern services such as electricity, water distribution, and materials for house construction. It is generally believed that indigenous people have an impressive knowledge of useful plant species and that this knowledge reflects the plant wealth of their living environment. However, the present study shows that healers' knowledge of collected medicinal plants (expressed as percentage of plants known by name and use by the majority of healers) is higher in the Andean area characterised by a long history of anthropogenic activity, than in the biodiversity-rich rainforest (protected since 1965). Therefore, medicinal plant knowledge does not seem to depend on the level of plant diversity, degree of modernization or absence of Western health care infrastructure. Indeed, although Andean healers live in a floristically poorer environment, have adopted more modern services and have easier access to primary health care facilities, they are more knowledgeable about medicinal plants than rainforest healers who live isolated in an environment with considerable floristic/ecological variation and lack of Western health care. It is hypothesised that social factors underlying traditional medical practices (background of extensive family in traditional medicine) play an important role in transmission--and hence survival of knowledge on medicinal plants.
机译：在对玻利维亚安第斯山脉（Apillapampa的Quechua农民）和亚马逊雨林（来自Isiboro-Secure国家公园的Yuracare-Trinitario刀耕火种的中耕者）进行的为期2年的民族植物学调查中，对两组传统治疗师的药用植物知识进行了深入研究，分别。这两个地区都代表着生态和文化上不同的区域，在植物多样性，对医疗保健的物理可及性和现代化程度方面有所不同，后者通过使用或使用现代服务（例如电力，水分配和房屋建筑材料）来证明。人们普遍认为，土著人民对有用的植物种类有深刻的了解，这种知识反映了他们生活环境中的植物财富。但是，本研究表明，以人类活动历史悠久为特征的安第斯地区，医务人员对收集到的药用植物的了解程度（表示为大多数医务人员的名称和用途已知的植物所占的百分比）要更高。丰富的雨林（自1965年受保护）。因此，药用植物知识似乎并不取决于植物多样性水平，现代化程度或缺乏西方医疗保健基础设施。确实，尽管安第斯治愈者生活在植物区系较差的环境中，采用了更多的现代服务，并且更容易获得初级医疗保健设施，但与热带雨林治愈者相比，他们对药用植物的了解更为丰富，热带雨林治愈者生活在植物区系/生态变化很大的环境中，缺乏西方医疗保健。据推测，作为传统医学实践基础的社会因素（传统医学中广泛家庭的背景）在传播中起着重要作用，因此在药用植物知识的生存中也起着重要作用。

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