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首页> 外文期刊>Soil Research >Field-scale variability of soil test phosphorus and other nutrients in grasslands under long-term agricultural managements.
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Field-scale variability of soil test phosphorus and other nutrients in grasslands under long-term agricultural managements.

机译：长期农业管理下草地土壤磷和其他养分的田间尺度变异性。

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Field-scale variation of soil nutrients in grassland is becoming important because of the use of soil-nutrient information as a basis for policies such as the recently introduced EU Nitrates Directive. This study investigates the field-scale variability of soil-test phosphorus (STP) and other nutrients in two grasslands with a long-term history of poultry litter application. Two fields (field 1 for silage and field 2 for grazing pasture) were selected, and soil samples were collected based on 12 m by 12 m (field 1) and 15 m by 15 m (field 2) grids. Data were analysed using conventional statistics, geostatistics, and a geographic information system (GIS). In field 1, STP values ranged from 12.4 to 90 mg L-1 (average 38.5 mg L-1). In field 2, STP values ranged from 4.3 to 130.0 mg L-1 (average 21.4 mg L-1). Attention should be paid to long-term poultry application, as the average STP values in both fields were much greater than the recommended agronomic optimum STP status in Ireland of 8 mg L-1. Coefficient of variation values of soil nutrients in field 2 were much higher than those in field 1. Log-transformation and Box-Cox transformation were applied to achieve normality. Statistically significant (P<0.01), positive correlations between P and other nutrients were found in both fields. Exponential and spherical models were fitted to the experimental variograms of STP in fields 1 and 2, respectively. Compared with the counterparts in field 1, soil nutrients in field 2 had larger 'nugget-to-sill' values, revealing that sheep grazing could weaken the spatial auto-correlation of soil nutrients. A grid of 60 m by 60 m was recommended for soil sampling in grassland, based on this study. High STP concentrations in field 1 were in the north-eastern side, which was related to uneven poultry litter application. Strong spatial similarity of low STP, magnesium, and pH values in their spatial distribution were found in field 2, confirming their strong statistical correlation.
机译：由于利用土壤养分信息作为诸如最近引入的欧盟《硝酸盐指令》等政策的基础，草原土壤养分的田间规模变化变得越来越重要。这项研究调查了具有家禽垫料长期使用历史的两个草原的土壤测试磷（STP）和其他养分的田间尺度变异性。选择了两个田地（青贮饲料的田地1和放牧牧场的田地2），并根据12 m x 12 m（田地1）和15 m x 15 m（田地2）的网格收集了土壤样品。使用常规统计，地统计和地理信息系统（GIS）对数据进行了分析。在字段1中，STP值的范围为12.4至90 mg L -1 （平均38.5 mg L -1 ）。在字段2中，STP值在4.3到130.0 mg L-1之间（平均21.4 mg L -1 ）。应注意长期使用家禽，因为这两个领域的平均STP值都比爱尔兰建议的8 mg L -1 的农艺最佳STP状态要高得多。田间2的土壤养分的变异系数远高于田间1。通过对数变换和Box-Cox变换实现正态性。具有统计学意义（P <0.01），在两个领域中都发现磷与其他养分之间呈正相关。将指数模型和球面模型分别拟合到场1和场2中STP的实验变异函数。与田间1的对应物相比，田间2的土壤养分具有更大的“掘金到基石”值，这表明放牧绵羊会削弱土壤养分的空间自相关。根据这项研究，建议使用60 m x 60 m的网格进行草地土壤采样。田间1的STP浓度较高是在东北侧，这与家禽垫料施用不均匀有关。在田野2中发现了低STP，镁和pH值在空间分布中的强空间相似性，证实了它们的强统计相关性。

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