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Early Pliocene Weddell Sea seasonality determined from bryozoans

机译：由苔藓虫确定的上新世韦德尔海早期季节

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摘要

Early Pliocene cheilostome bryozoans are preserved in a glacigenic diamictite at Cascade Cliffs, James Ross Island, northern Antarctic Peninsula. Several different marine bryozoan genera were incorporated into the diamictite during Pliocene ice ad-vance(s). Bryozoan zooid-size Mean Annual Range of Temperature (zs-MART) analysis provides estimates of seasonality which sug-gest that mean annual marine temperatures for the James Ross Island region varied by at least 4.3°C and possibly by as much as 10.3°C during the Early Pliocene. This represents much greater seasonality for the northern Weddell Sea than seen at the present day (MART ca 2°C). A cluster of zs-MART values between 6.6°C and 7.7°C from four colonies of the bryozoan Dakariella are considered to represent the most reliable range of seasonality estimates. Although we cannot determine absolute sea temperatures, increased seasonality signals an overall warmer climate for the Weddell Sea region at the time that the bryozoans were living.
机译：南极半岛北部詹姆斯·罗斯岛（James Ross Island）的喀斯喀特悬崖（Cascade Cliffs）上的上新世起辉器属苔藓虫被保存在成釉的铁矾土中。在上新世进行冰期时，将几种不同的海洋苔藓虫属掺入了铁矾。苔藓虫类动物大小的年平均温度范围（zs-MART）分析提供了季节性估计值，这表明詹姆斯·罗斯岛地区的年平均海洋温度至少相差4.3°C，甚至可能相差10.3°C。在上新世早期。与今天（MART大约2°C）相比，这代表了北魏德海的季节性要大得多。来自苔藓假单胞菌四个菌落的6.6°C至7.7°C之间的zs-MART值簇被认为是季节性估计的最可靠范围。尽管我们无法确定绝对的海洋温度，但季节性增加意味着在苔藓虫生活时，韦德尔海地区的总体气候变暖。

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