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A novel human surrogate model of noninjurious sharp mechanical pain

机译：一种新型的非伤害性剧烈机械疼痛的替代模型

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摘要

We propose a blade as a noninjurious nociceptive stimulus modeling sharp mechanical pain and yielding acute pain and hyperalgesia responses with closer proximity to incision-induced pain/hyperalgesia than punctate or blunt pressure mechanical pain models. Twenty-six healthy men and women were investigated to compare a small incision in the left forearm with noninvasive stimuli of different shapes and modalities to the right forearm. The magnitude and time course of incisional and blade-induced pain were assessed by numerical rating scales. Affective vs sensory components of pain experience were differentiated using a pain sensation questionnaire. The magnitude and time course of the axon reflex vasodilator response and of secondary hyperalgesia following a 7-second blade application were assessed. The maximum blade or incisional pain was similar (visual analogue scale [mean +/- SD]: 32.9 +/- 22.5 [blade] vs 33.6 +/- 29.8 [incision]), and both time courses matched closely in the first 10 seconds (paired t test; P 5 0.51.0), whereas incision but not blade was followed by a second phase of pain, probably related to the tissue injury (decrease to half maximum pain 8 +/- 2 vs 33 +/- 35 seconds; P < 0.01). Affective pain scores were significantly lower than sensory scores for all stimuli (P < 0.001). Comparing blade and incision, patterns of affective and sensory pain descriptors exhibited a remarkably similar pattern. Hence, we suggest the blade as novel model of sharp mechanical pain, which will be useful in investigating postoperative/mechanical pain and the role of self-injurious behavior in, eg, patients with borderline personality disorder.
机译：我们提出一种刀片，作为一种无伤害性伤害刺激模型，可模拟尖锐的机械疼痛并产生急性疼痛和痛觉过敏反应，与点状或钝性压力机械疼痛模型相比，更接近切口引起的疼痛/痛觉过敏。研究了26位健康的男性和女性，比较了左前臂的一个小切口和右前臂的不同形状和形态的无创刺激。切开和刀片引起的疼痛的大小和时间过程通过数字量表进行评估。使用疼痛感觉问卷来区分疼痛经历的情感和感觉成分。评估轴突反射血管舒张反应和继发性痛觉过敏的幅度和时间过程，在应用7秒刀片后。最大的刀片或切开疼痛相似（视觉模拟量表[平均值+/- SD]：32.9 +/- 22.5 [刀片]与33.6 +/- 29.8 [切口]），并且两个时间过程在前10秒内紧密匹配（配对t检验; P 5 0.51.0），而切口而非刀刃则是第二阶段的疼痛，可能与组织损伤有关（减少至最大疼痛的一半8 +/- 2 vs 33 +/- 35秒; P <0.01）。所有刺激的情感疼痛评分均显着低于感官评分（P <0.001）。比较刀片和切口，情感和感觉疼痛描述符的模式显示出非常相似的模式。因此，我们建议将刀片作为尖锐的机械性疼痛的新型模型，这将有助于调查术后/机械性疼痛以及自我伤害行为在例如边缘性人格障碍患者中的​​作用。

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