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首页> 外文期刊>Pediatrics: Official Publication of the American Academy of Pediatrics >Effectiveness of pentavalent rotavirus vaccine in a large urban population in the United States.
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Effectiveness of pentavalent rotavirus vaccine in a large urban population in the United States.

机译：五价轮状病毒疫苗在美国大量城市人群中的有效性。

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OBJECTIVE: The goal was to assess the effectiveness of complete (3-dose) or partial (1- or 2-dose) immunization with pentavalent rotavirus vaccine (RV5) against rotavirus acute gastroenteritis (AGE) in US clinical practice. METHODS: A case-control evaluation was conducted in February through June 2008 at an emergency department in Houston, Texas. Case patients with rotavirus AGE (N = 90) were identified through testing for rotavirus in fecal specimens obtained from 205 children 15 days through 23 months of age presenting with AGE. Control groups included rotavirus-negative AGE patients (N = 115), concurrently enrolled patients with acute respiratory infection (ARI) (N = 228), and up to 10 age- and zip code-matched children sampled from the Houston-Harris County Immunization Registry (HHCIR) for each case patient >8 months of age. Immunization data were obtained from parent records, health care providers, and/or the HHCIR. Vaccine effectiveness was calculated as 1 minus odds of RV5 vaccination for case patients versus control patients, after adjustment for age at presentation and birth date. RESULTS: The vaccine effectiveness of a complete RV5 series was 89% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 70%-96%) and 85% (95% CI: 55%-95%) with rotavirus-negative AGE and ARI control patients, respectively. Immunization data were available for 44% of case patients (n = 40) from the HHCIR; the estimated 3-dose vaccine effectiveness with these HHCIR control patients was 82% (95% CI: 19%-96%). A complete RV5 series conferred 100% protection (95% CI: 71%-100%) against severe rotavirus disease requiring hospitalization and 96% protection (95% CI: 72%-99%) against disease requiring intravenous hydration. Vaccine effectiveness of 1 and 2 doses against hospitalization and emergency department visits was 69% (95% CI: 13%-89%) and 81% (95% CI: 13%-96%), respectively, using rotavirus-negative AGE and ARI control groups combined. CONCLUSIONS: In this setting, a complete series of RV5 was highly effective against severe rotavirus AGE. Partial immunization also conferred substantial protection.
机译：目的：目的是评估在美国临床实践中用五价轮状病毒疫苗（RV5）对轮状病毒急性肠胃炎（AGE）进行完全（3剂量）或部分（1或2剂量）免疫的有效性。方法：于2008年2月至2008年6月在得克萨斯州休斯顿的急诊科进行了病例对照评估。轮状病毒AGE（N = 90）的病例患者通过检测205名15天至23个月大的AGE儿童的粪便样本中的轮状病毒进行鉴定。对照组包括轮状病毒阴性的AGE患者（N = 115），并发急性呼吸道感染（ARI）的患者（N = 228），以及多达10位年龄和邮政编码匹配的儿童，这些儿童来自休斯敦-哈里斯县免疫接种中心年龄大于8个月的每例患者的注册表（HHCIR）。免疫数据来自父母记录，医疗保健提供者和/或HHCIR。调整了就诊年龄和出生日期后，病例患者与对照组患者的RV5疫苗接种率计算为疫苗接种有效性的1减几率。结果：完整的RV5系列疫苗的轮状病毒阴性AGE和ARI对照的疫苗有效率为89％（95％置信区间[CI]：70％-96％）和85％（95％CI：55％-95％）病人。 HHCIR提供了44％病例患者（n = 40）的免疫数据;这些HHCIR对照患者的3剂疫苗估计有效率为82％（95％CI：19％-96％）。完整的RV5系列可对需要住院的严重轮状病毒疾病提供100％的防护（95％CI：71％-100％），对需要静脉水化的疾病提供96％的防护（95％CI：72％-99％）。使用轮状病毒阴性AGE和1剂和2剂疫苗对住院和急诊就诊的疫苗有效性分别为69％（95％CI：13％-89％）和81％（95％CI：13％-96％）。 ARI对照组合并。结论：在这种情况下，完整的RV5系列药物对严重的轮状病毒AGE具有很高的疗效。部分免疫还赋予了实质性保护。

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