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首页> 外文期刊>Pharmacology, Biochemistry and Behavior >Adolescence, glucocorticoids and alcohol.
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Adolescence, glucocorticoids and alcohol.

机译：青春期，糖皮质激素和酒精。

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摘要

This review examines the evidence that glucocorticoids are involved, during both adolescence and adulthood, in the cognitive deficits caused by long-term alcohol consumption and in the mechanism(s) of alcohol dependence. During adolescence, the hypothalamopituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis undergoes well-characterized changes in basal activity and many of these are influenced by alcohol consumption. While the former have been fairly well studied, there is little information about whether alcohol effects on the HPA in adolescents differ from those in adults. The means by which glucocorticoids may influence alcohol-related neurotoxicity are presented, and potential differences between adolescence and adults in this regard noted. The substantial evidence for involvement of glucocorticoids in alcohol-induced cognitive deficits is described, with particular reference to the consequences of alcohol withdrawal. The use of immature organotypic cultures of rodent brain in the study of alcohol neurotoxicity is considered in detail, and the information obtained from this methodology concerning the role of glucocorticoid receptors and excitable membrane proteins in this neurotoxicity. The influence of glucocorticoids on alcohol consumption and possible contributions to alcohol dependence are then considered. In conclusion, more information concerning the effects of glucocorticoids on plasticity and alcohol neurotoxicity during the adolescent period is needed.
机译：这篇综述检查了糖皮质激素在青春期和成年期都与长期饮酒引起的认知缺陷以及酒精依赖机制有关的证据。在青春期，下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺（HPA）轴的基础活动发生了特征明确的变化，其中许多受到酒精消耗的影响。尽管对前者进行了充分的研究，但是关于青少年酒精对HPA的影响是否与成年人不同的信息很少。提出了糖皮质激素可能影响酒精相关的神经毒性的方法，并指出了青春期和成年人在这方面的潜在差异。描述了糖皮质激素参与酒精引起的认知障碍的大量证据，尤其是戒酒的后果。详细研究了在酒精性神经毒性研究中使用啮齿动物大脑的未成熟器官型培养物，并从该方法学中获得了有关糖皮质激素受体和兴奋性膜蛋白在这种神经毒性中的作用的信息。然后考虑糖皮质激素对酒精消耗的影响以及对酒精依赖的可能贡献。总之，需要更多有关糖皮质激素对青少年期可塑性和酒精神经毒性影响的信息。

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