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首页> 外文期刊>Physica, A. Statistical mechanics and its applications >Experiment and modeling of exit-selecting behaviors during a building evacuation
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Experiment and modeling of exit-selecting behaviors during a building evacuation

机译：建筑物疏散过程中出口选择行为的实验和建模

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摘要

The evacuation process in a teaching building with two neighboring exits is investigated by means of experiment and modeling. The basic parameters such as flow. density and velocity of pedestrians in the exit area are measured. The exit-selecting phenomenon in the experiment is analyzed, and it is found that pedestrians prefer selecting the closer exit even though the other exit is only a little far. In order to understand the phenomenon, we reproduce the experiment process with a modified biased random walk model, in which the preference of closer exit is achieved using the drift direction and the drift force. Our simulation results afford a calibrated value of the drift force, especially when it is 0.56, there is good agreement between the Simulation results and the experimental results on the number of pedestrians selecting the closer exit, the average velocity through the exits, the cumulative distribution of the instantaneous velocity and the fundamental diagram of the flow through exits. According to the further simulation results, it is found that pedestrians tend to select the exit with shorter distance to them, especially when the people density is small or medium. But if the density is large enough, the flow rates of the two exits will become comparable because of the detour behaviors. It reflects the fact that a crowd of people may not be rational to optimize the usage of multi-exits, especially in an emergency.
机译：通过实验和建模研究了具有两个相邻出口的教学楼的疏散过程。基本参数如流量。测量出口区域行人的密度和速度。分析了实验中的出口选择现象，发现行人更喜欢选择较近的出口，尽管另一个出口只有一点点远。为了理解这种现象，我们使用修正的偏向随机游走模型重现了实验过程，其中使用漂移方向和漂移力实现了更靠近出口的偏好。我们的仿真结果提供了漂移力的校准值，尤其是当其为0.56时，仿真结果与实验结果在选择更靠近出口的行人数量，通过出口的平均速度，累积分布之间有很好的一致性。瞬时速度和通过出口的基本原理图。根据进一步的仿真结果，发现行人倾向于选择到他们的距离较短的出口，特别是在人口密度较小或中等的情况下。但是，如果密度足够大，则由于绕行行为，两个出口的流速将变得可比。它反映出这样一个事实，尤其是在紧急情况下，人群可能不合理地优化多出口的使用。

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