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首页> 外文OA文献 >The Level of Vision Necessary for Competitive Performance in Rifle Shooting: Setting the Standards for Paralympic Shooting with Vision Impairment
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The Level of Vision Necessary for Competitive Performance in Rifle Shooting: Setting the Standards for Paralympic Shooting with Vision Impairment

机译：步枪射击比赛中必不可少的视力水平：为视力障碍的残奥射击设定标准

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The aim of this study was to investigate the level of vision impairment (VI) that wouldudreduce performance in shooting; to guide development of entry criteria to visuallyudimpaired (VI) shooting. Nineteen international-level shooters without VI took part in theudstudy. Participants shot an air rifle, while standing, toward a regulation target placed atudthe end of a 10 m shooting range. Cambridge simulation glasses were used to simulateudsix different levels of VI. Visual acuity (VA) and contrast sensitivity (CS) were assessedudalong with shooting performance in each of seven conditions of simulated impairmentudand compared to that with habitual vision. Shooting performance was evaluated byudcalculating each individual’s average score in every level of simulated VI and normalizingudthis score by expressing it as a percentage of the baseline performance achieved withudhabitual vision. Receiver Operating Characteristic curves were constructed to evaluateudthe ability of different VA and CS cut-off criteria to appropriately classify these athletes asudachieving ‘expected’ or ‘below expected’ shooting results based on their performanceudwith different levels of VA and CS. Shooting performance remained relatively unaffectedudby mild decreases in VA and CS, but quickly deteriorated with more moderate losses.udThe ability of visual function measurements to classify shooting performance was good,udwith 78% of performances appropriately classified using a cut-off of 0.53 logMAR andud74% appropriately classified using a cut-off of 0.83 logCS. The current inclusion criteriaudfor VI shooting (1.0 logMAR) is conservative, maximizing the chance of including onlyudthose with an impairment that does impact performance, but potentially excluding someudwho do have a genuine impairment in the sport. A lower level of impairment wouldudinclude more athletes who do have a genuine impairment but would potentially includeudthose who do not actually have an impairment that impacts performance in the sport.udAn impairment to CS could impact performance in the sport and might be consideredudin determining eligibility to take part in VI competition
机译：这项研究的目的是调查会降低射击性能的视力障碍（VI）的水平；指导视觉/双眼（VI）拍摄的入门标准的制定。没有VI的19名国际水平的射击者参加了 udstudy。参与者站立时，向着位于10m射击范围末端的管制目标射击了气枪。剑桥模拟眼镜用于模拟 udsix不同级别的VI。视力（VA）和对比敏感度（CS）在模拟损伤的7种情况下均以射击表现进行评估，并与习惯性视觉进行比较。通过计算出每个模拟VI级别中每个人的平均得分，并通过将其表示为，，，，，，，，构造接收者工作特征曲线来评估 VA和CS截止标准不同的能力，以根据其表现达到VA或CS水平达到“预期”或“低于预期”的射击效果适当分类这些运动员。射击性能仍然相对不受影响 VA和CS的轻微降低，但很快恶化，损失更为适度。 ud视觉功能测量对射击性能进行分类的能力很好， 78％的性能使用截止值进行了适当分类0.53 logMAR和 ud74％使用0.83 logCS的临界值进行适当分类。目前VI射击的纳入标准 ud（1.0 logMAR）是保守的，从而最大程度地只包含确实会影响性能的损伤的 ud，但有可能排除某些确实对这项运动造成损害的 ud。较低的损伤水平将 ud包括更多确实有损伤的运动员，但可能包括实际上没有对运动性能有影响的损伤的运动员。 ud对CS的损伤可能会影响运动的性能并且可能是已考虑 udin确定参加VI竞赛的资格

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