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MEMS for pico- to micro-satellites

机译:微微卫星微机电系统

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摘要

MEMS sensors, actuators, and sub-systems can enable an important reduction in the size and mass of spacecrafts, first by replacing larger and heavier components, then by replacing entire subsystems, and finally by enabling the microfabrication of highly integrated picosats. Very small satellites (1 to 100 kg) stand to benefit the most from MEMS technologies. These small satellites are typically used for science or technology demonstration missions, with higher risk tolerance than multi-ton telecommunication satellites. While MEMS are playing a growing role on Earth in safety-critical applications, in the harsh and remote environment of space, reliability is still the crucial issue, and the absence of an accepted qualification methodology is holding back MEMS from wider use. An overview is given of the range of MEMS applications in space. An effective way to prove that MEMS can operate reliably in space is to use them in space: we illustrate how Cubesats (1 kg, 1 liter, cubic satellites in a standardized format to reduce launch costs) can serve as low-cost vectors for MEMS technology demonstration in space. The Cubesat SwissCube developed in Switzerland is used as one example of a rapid way to fly new microtechnologies, and also as an example of a spacecraft whose performance is only possible thanks to MEMS.
机译:MEMS传感器,执行器和子系统可以通过以下方式大大降低航天器的尺寸和质量:首先通过更换更大,更重的部件,然后通过更换整个子系统,最后通过对高度集成的微型马赛克进行微加工来实现。微型卫星(1至100千克)将从MEMS技术中受益最多。这些小型卫星通常用于科学或技术演示任务,其风险承受能力比多吨电信卫星更高。尽管MEMS在对安全至关重要的应用中在地球上发挥着越来越重要的作用,但在恶劣的偏远太空环境中,可靠性仍然是至关重要的问题,并且缺乏公认的鉴定方法阻碍了MEMS的广泛使用。概述了MEMS在太空中的应用范围。证明MEMS可以在太空中可靠运行的有效方法是在太空中使用它们:我们说明了Cubesats(1千克,1升标准格式的立方卫星,以降低发射成本)如何充当MEMS的低成本载体太空技术演示。在瑞士开发的Cubesat SwissCube被用作快速飞行新微技术的一个例子,也被用作航天器的一个例子,其飞行性能只有借助MEMS才能实现。

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