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Timetable Optimization of Urban Rail Transit: A Flexible Skip-Stop Scheme

机译：城市轨道交通时刻表优化：灵活的停站方案

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摘要

Skip-stop operation is a low-cost approach to improving urban rail transit operation speed and passengers' travel experience in single track lines. This paper proposes a novel bi-objective model to optimize the skip-stop scheme for bi-directional urban rail lines so that passenger's waiting time and in-vehicle travel time can be properly leveraged. Different from the conventional "A/B" scheme, the proposed flexible skip-stop scheme (FSSS) can provide flexible stops to accommodate spatially varied passenger demand and better utilize the line capacity. The train headway is constrained by three kinds of departure intervals: the minimum safety interval, minimum departure interval that meets the passenger demand, and the minimum turnaround interval at the terminal stations. A tabu search procedure is then developed to efficiently search for the optimal solution. A case study is conducted based on a real-world bi-directional urban rail line in Shenzhen, China, using the ridership information extracted from smartcard data. Compared to the all-stop strategy, it is found that the proposed skip-stop strategy yields a better performance. The results show that around 22.6%-58% of passengers benefit from the FSSS operation with shorter significant in-vehicle travel time, while the passenger waiting time only increases slightly. The operational time per train is reduced by 5%. Transit agencies may also benefit from this scheme due to the savings of energy and operational costs.
机译：停站运营是一种低成本的方法，可提高城市轨道交通运营速度和单线旅客的乘车体验。本文提出了一种新颖的双目标模型，以优化双向城市轨道交通的跳停方案，从而可以适当地利用乘客的等待时间和车载旅行时间。与传统的“ A / B”方案不同，建议的灵活跳过停靠站方案（FSSS）可以提供灵活的停靠站，以适应空间变化的乘客需求并更好地利用线路容量。火车车距受到三种发车间隔的限制：最小安全间隔，满足乘客需求的最小发车间隔以及终端站的最小周转间隔。然后开发禁忌搜索程序，以有效搜索最佳解决方案。使用从智能卡数据中提取的出行信息，基于中国深圳的现实世界双向城市铁路线进行了案例研究。与全停策略相比，发现所提出的跳过停策略具有更好的性能。结果表明，FSSS运营使大约22.6％-58％的乘客受益，且显着的车载旅行时间缩短，而乘客的等待时间仅略有增加。每列火车的运行时间减少5％。由于节省了能源和运营成本，运输公司也可以从该计划中受益。

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