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OF COWS AND MEN: REVIEWING THE LINK BETWEEN MILK FAT AND HUMAN HEALTH

机译:奶牛和男人:审查牛奶脂肪与人类健康之间的联系

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Milk is a unique, nutrient-dense, food. Key to early development of mammals, milk constitutes a major source of energy, high-quality protein, and vitamins and minerals such as vitamin D, calcium, and potassium (Smilowitz et al., 2005; Gaucheron, 2005). Beyond its key role in neonatal nutrition, milk and milk-derived products are also major sources of nutrients for adults. The ability of humans to carry on drinking milk through adulthood has developed gradually over the past eight millennia, in association with agriculture and dairying (Curry., 2013), and it is due to the persistence of the enzyme lactase past early childhood. The rise of distinct genetic mutations for lactase persistence developed in at least four different geographic regions on theplanet (i.e., lactase hotspots), and, arguably, provided a major selective advantage (Bersaglieri, et al., 2004). Today, one-third of humans produce lactase during adulthood, with prevalence being greater in places like northern Europe, where over 90% of people can drink milk, but also in West Africa, the middle east, and south Asia (Curry., 2013; Liebert et al., 2017).
机译:牛奶是一种独特的营养 - 密集,食物。哺乳动物早期发展的关键,牛奶构成了能量,高质量蛋白质和维生素和矿物质的主要来源,如维生素D,钙和钾(Smilowi​​tz等,2005; Gaucheron,2005)。除了其在新生儿营养中的关键作用,牛奶和牛奶衍生的产品也是成人营养素的主要来源。在农业和乳业(咖喱山)与农业和乳房(2013年)相关,人类通过成年期通过成年期饮用饮料的能力逐渐发展起来,它是由于酶乳糖酶过去早期的持续存在。在平面(即乳糖酶热点)上的至少四种不同地理区域中产生的乳糖酶持续存在明显的遗传突变的兴起,并且可以说明主要选择性优势(Bersaglieri,等,2004)。今天,三分之一的人类在成年期间产生乳酸酶,在北欧这样的地方流行更大,超过90%的人可以喝牛奶,也可以在西非,中东和南亚(咖喱。,2013 ; Liebert等人。,2017)。

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