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首页> 外文学位 >Impact of Mass Media During the 2008 U.S. Presidential Election: A Cross-Cultural Study of Stereotype Change in China and the United States.
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Impact of Mass Media During the 2008 U.S. Presidential Election: A Cross-Cultural Study of Stereotype Change in China and the United States.

机译：大众媒体在2008年美国总统大选期间的影响：中美刻板印象变化的跨文化研究。

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摘要

Stereotypes are over-simplified and over-generalized assertions about people from other social groups. They bear cognitive significance, but they could also lead to social consequences. The current study focuses on stereotype change when stereotype-disconfirming information is available. It applies theories of stereotype formation, stereotype change, media processes and effects, cultural differences and cognitive orientations to examine how stereotypes of African Americans changed as a result of Barack Obama being elected the first African American president in American history. It proposes three models and four hypotheses, namely, media effect model, cultural effect model and cognitive organization model to examine what led to the change and who changed.;A panel study was designed to test the three models and four hypotheses. Data were collected from college students both in China and in the United States. Regression analyses were conducted on the proposed models and hypotheses. The media effect model is supported in general. The cultural effect model is not supported, neither is the cognitive organization model. For Chinese, media use led to negative stereotype change while their evaluations of the American media and their knowledge contributed to positive stereotype change. For Americans, media use led to positive stereotype change. Their media evaluations and knowledge did not predict stereotype change. Chinese showed a significant change in their stereotypes about African Americans while Americans demonstrated a marginally significant change. Implications of the study are discussed.
机译：刻板印象是对来自其他社会群体的人的过分简单化和过分概括的断言。它们具有认知意义，但也可能导致社会后果。当前的研究集中在刻板印象不一致信息可用时的刻板印象变化。它应用了刻板印象形成，刻板印象改变，媒体过程和效果，文化差异和认知取向的理论，研究了由于巴拉克·奥巴马当选美国历史上第一位非裔美国人总统而导致的非洲裔美国人刻板印象的变化。它提出了三个模型和四个假设，即媒介效应模型，文化效应模型和认知组织模型，以研究导致变化的因素和改变者。进行了面板研究，以检验这三个模型和四个假设。数据来自中国和美国的大学生。对提出的模型和假设进行了回归分析。通常支持媒体效果模型。不支持文化效应模型，也不支持认知组织模型。对于中国人来说，媒体的使用导致负面的刻板印象改变，而他们对美国媒体和他们的知识的评估则导致正面的刻板印象改变。对于美国人而言，媒体的使用导致了积极的刻板印象改变。他们的媒体评估和知识并未预测刻板印象的变化。中国人对非裔美国人的刻板印象发生了重大变化，而美国人则表现出微不足道的重大变化。讨论了这项研究的意义。

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  • 作者

    Zhang, Yunying.;

  • 作者单位

    Washington State University.;

  • 授予单位 Washington State University.;
  • 学科 African American Studies.;Psychology Social.;Political Science General.;Mass Communications.;Anthropology Cultural.;Black Studies.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2010
  • 页码 203 p.
  • 总页数 203
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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