抗生素是一类具有多种生物活性的微生物次级代谢产物，自然界中60％以上的抗生素由放线菌所产生。克隆抗生素生物合成基因簇可为阐明其生物合成机制，结构改造，产量提高提供重要信息。在后基因组时代，新的抗生素基因簇克隆策略不断涌现，大大提高了微生物重要次级代谢产物生物合成基因簇的克隆效率，并缩短了抗生素的发现周期。本文综述了抗生素生物合成基因簇克隆策略的研究进展，包括近年来发展的后基因组的克隆策略。%Antibiotics are microbial secondary metabolites with diverse bioactivities,and more than 60%of important antibiotics are produced by Actinomycetes. Cloning of antibiotics biosynthetic gene clusters offers pivotal information for elucidating their biosynthetic mechanism, structural modification and yield improvement. In post⁃genomic era,the efficiency for the cloning of important secondary metabolites gene clusters is significantly enhanced,and reduced the time for new antibiotics. We reviewed recent⁃progress in cloning strategies of antibiotics biosynthetic gene clusters, in particular, recently⁃developed cloning technology of the post⁃genomic era.
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