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Language Differences in the Brain Network for Reading in Naturalistic Story Reading and Lexical Decision

机译：自然故事阅读和词汇决策中大脑网络中的语言差异

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Differences in how writing systems represent language raise important questions about whether there could be a universal functional architecture for reading across languages. In order to study potential language differences in the neural networks that support reading skill, we collected fMRI data from readers of alphabetic (English) and morpho-syllabic (Chinese) writing systems during two reading tasks. In one, participants read short stories under conditions that approximate natural reading, and in the other, participants decided whether individual stimuli were real words or not. Prior work comparing these two writing systems has overwhelmingly used meta-linguistic tasks, generally supporting the conclusion that the reading system is organized differently for skilled readers of Chinese and English. We observed that language differences in the reading network were greatly dependent on task. In lexical decision, a pattern consistent with prior research was observed in which the Middle Frontal Gyrus (MFG) and right Fusiform Gyrus (rFFG) were more active for Chinese than for English, whereas the posterior temporal sulcus was more active for English than for Chinese. We found a very different pattern of language effects in a naturalistic reading paradigm, during which significant differences were only observed in visual regions not typically considered specific to the reading network, and the middle temporal gyrus, which is thought to be important for direct mapping of orthography to semantics. Indeed, in areas that are often discussed as supporting distinct cognitive or linguistic functions between the two languages, we observed interaction. Specifically, language differences were most pronounced in MFG and rFFG during the lexical decision task, whereas no language differences were observed in these areas during silent reading of text for comprehension.
机译：书写系统表示语言的方式方面的差异引起了一个重要的问题，即是否存在通用的功能体系结构可用于跨语言阅读。为了研究支持阅读技能的神经网络中潜在的语言差异，我们在两个阅读任务期间从字母（英语）和音节（中文）书写系统的读者那里收集了fMRI数据。一方面，参与者在近似自然阅读的条件下阅读短篇小说；另一方面，参与者决定单个刺激是否为真实单词。比较这两种书写系统的先前工作已经绝大多数使用了元语言任务，通常支持以下结论：对于熟练的中文和英文阅读者，阅读系统的组织方式不同。我们观察到阅读网络中的语言差异在很大程度上取决于任务。在词汇决策中，观察到一种与先前研究一致的模式，其中中额额回（MFG）和右梭状回（rFFG）对中文的活跃程度高于英语，而后颞沟对英语的活跃程度高于对汉语的活跃程度。 。我们在自然主义阅读范式中发现了一种非常不同的语言效果模式，在此模式中，仅在通常不被视为特定于阅读网络的视觉区域和中间颞回中观察到了显着差异，而中间颞回被认为对于直接映射正字法语义学。确实，在经常被讨论为支持两种语言之间独特的认知或语言功能的领域中，我们观察到了相互作用。具体来说，在词汇决策任务中，MFG和rFFG中的语言差异最明显，而在静默阅读文本以进行理解时，这些区域中没有语言差异。

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