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How Hierarchical Control Self-organizes in Artificial Adaptive Systems

机译:人工自适应系统中层次控制的自组织方式

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Diverse, complex, and adaptive animal behaviors are achieved by organizing hierarchically structured controllers in motor systems. The levels of control progress from simple spinal reflexes and central pattern generators through to executive cognitive control in the frontal cortex. Various types of hierarchical control structures have been introduced and shown to be effective in past artificial agent models, but few studies have shown how such structures can self-organize. This study describes how such hierarchical control may evolve in a simple recurrent neural network model implemented in a mobile robot. Topological constraints on information flow are found to improve system performance by decreasing interference between different parts of the network. One part becomes responsible for generating lower behavior primitives while another part evolves top-down sequencing of the primitives for achieving global goals. Fast and slow neuronal response dynamics are automatically generated in specific neurons of the lower and the higher levels, respectively. A hierarchical neural network is shown to outperform a comparable single-level network in controlling a mobile robot.
机译:通过在电机系统中组织分层结构的控制器,可以实现多样,复杂和自适应的动物行为。控制水平从简单的脊柱反射和中央模式发生器发展到额叶皮质的执行性认知控制。引入了各种类型的分层控制结构,并显示出它们在过去的人工代理模型中是有效的,但是很少有研究表明此类结构如何自组织。这项研究描述了这种分层控制如何在移动机器人中实现的简单递归神经网络模型中演变。发现对信息流的拓扑约束可以通过减少网络不同部分之间的干扰来提高系统性能。一部分负责生成较低行为的原语,而另一部分则负责对这些原语进行自上而下的排序以实现全局目标。快速和慢速神经元反应动力学分别在较低和较高水平的特定神经元中自动生成。所示的分层神经网络在控制移动机器人方面胜过可比的单级网络。

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