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首页> 外文期刊>Biochemical Genetics >Adaptive Evolution and Frequent Gene Conversion in the Brain Expressed X-Linked Gene Family in Mammals
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Adaptive Evolution and Frequent Gene Conversion in the Brain Expressed X-Linked Gene Family in Mammals

机译：在哺乳动物中大脑表达的X连锁基因家族中的适应性进化和频繁的基因转换

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This work examines the molecular evolution of a brain-expressed X-linked gene family in the mammalian genomes of human, chimp, macaque, mouse, rat, dog, and cow. The gene structures are well conserved across family members and among the mammals in that all five members have three exons with the first two exons untranslated. Furthermore, the five members are arranged tandemly on chromosome X with Bex5, Bex1, Bex2 on the negative strand and Bex4, Bex3 on the positive strand, and this physical arrangement remains conserved among species. Sequence analyses indicate that gene conversion has been frequent and ongoing among Bex1-4, occurring in multiple species independently. All gene conversions in different species between Bex1 and Bex4, and between Bex2 and Bex3, appear to be limited to the upstream regions of the third exon, whereas the gene conversions occurred independently in different species between Bex1 and Bex2 and cover only the third exon. Bex5 appears to have little exchange of genetic information with other members, possibly due to its distance from other members. The GC content decreases from 5′-UTR, intron 1, intron 2, coding region, to 3′-UTR, reflecting faithfully the frequency of gene conversion in different regions of the Bex genes. Sequence analyses also suggest that both relaxed selective constraint and positive selection have acted on the Bex members after duplication. In particular, Bex3 shows strong evidence of positive selection and seems to have evolved a new gene function after gene duplication.
机译：这项工作研究了人类，黑猩猩，猕猴，小鼠，大鼠，狗和牛的哺乳动物基因组中大脑表达的X连锁基因家族的分子进化。该基因结构在家族成员之间以及在哺乳动物之间都非常保守，因为所有五个成员都有三个外显子，前两个外显子未翻译。此外，五个成员串联排列在X染色体上，负链上的Bex5，Bex1，Bex2和正链上的Bex4，Bex3排列在一起，并且这种物理排列在物种间保持不变。序列分析表明，Bex1-4之间的基因转换非常频繁且正在进行，并独立发生在多个物种中。 Bex1和Bex4之间以及Bex2和Bex3之间不同物种中的所有基因转换似乎都限于第三外显子的上游区域，而基因转换独立发生在Bex1和Bex2之间的不同物种中，并且仅覆盖第三外显子。 Bex5似乎与其他成员缺乏遗传信息交换，这可能是由于其与其他成员的距离。 GC含量从5'-UTR（内含子1，内含子2编码区）减少到3'-UTR，如实反映了Bex基因不同区域的基因转化频率。序列分析还表明，重复后，放松的选择性约束和正选择都对Bex成员起作用。特别是，Bex3显示出强有力的阳性选择证据，并且在基因复制后似乎已经进化出新的基因功能。

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