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An integrated framework for understanding the driving forces behind non-sequential process of internationalisation among firms

机译：理解企业间非顺序国际化过程背后驱动力的综合框架

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Purpose - Is non-sequential internationalization process solely technology enabled or a product of mutually interdependent forces? This paper aims to show that even though the sequential approach in the process model is intuitively appealing, not all firms follow such a path. Hence, integrated framework to explain how the international market entry process has changed with respect to the sequential approach is presented.rnDesign/methodology/approach - The data banks of the Swedish Trade Council and the Chambers of Commerce are used to identify small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) with between 50 and 250 employees (in compliance with European Union's definition of SMEs). Data are collected through the use of questionnaires and in-depth interviews from 60 Swedish SMEs operating in other countries and foreign SMEs operating in Sweden that tends not to develop in incremental stages with respect to their international. Findings - Some of the findings are: that the sequential model is by no means reflective of, or appropriate for all firms' approaches to international business; the usefulness gained by using an international network approach to study the international activity of a firm; and the interplay between the identified driving forces behind a non-sequential internationalization process. Research limitations/implications - Even though market entry patterns of firms investigated demonstrate a non-sequential internationalization process, they are still within the general theoretical framework where the basic assumption of the sequential internationalization model can maintain its validity. Firms are indeed exposed to irrecoverable transaction costs that hamper their behaviours and complicate export supply responses in international markets. However, the magnitude of the costs and speed of internationalization is dependent on the ability of the firms to take advantage of the enablers of non-sequential internationalization pattern. This is particularly important for firms to and from developing countries and emerging markets and their propensities to succeed in their internationalization endeavours.rnOriginality/value - Knowledge acquired from the empirical study of firms that tend not to develop in incremental stages with respect to their international activities, and therefore start international activities by entering very distant markets and multiple countries right from birth without prior experience, is used to develop an integrated framework which aptly depicts that non-sequential internationalization process is not solely enabled by technology, as commonly envisaged in literature, but a product of mutually interdependent forces. Consequently, this study provides a holistic view on the driving forces behind the rapid internationalization process encountered by many SMEs today.
机译：目的-非顺序国际化过程是仅启用技术还是相互依赖的力量的产物？本文旨在表明，尽管过程模型中的顺序方法在直观上很有吸引力，但并非所有公司都遵循这种方法。因此，提出了一个综合框架，以解释国际市场准入过程相对于顺序方法的变化。rn设计/方法/方法-瑞典贸易委员会和商会的数据库用于识别中小型企业，拥有50至250名员工的大型企业（SME）（符合欧盟对SME的定义）。通过问卷调查和深入访谈收集了数据，这些数据来自在其他国家/地区运营的60家瑞典SME和在瑞典运营的外国SME，相对于其国际而言，它们往往不会逐步发展。调查结果-一些调查结果是：顺序模型决不能反映或适合所有公司的国际业务方法；通过使用国际网络方法研究公司的国际活动而获得的有用性；以及非顺序国际化进程背后已确定的驱动力之间的相互作用。研究的局限性/含意-尽管被调查公司的市场进入模式显示出一种非顺序的国际化过程，但它们仍处于一般理论框架之内，在此基础上，顺序国际化模型的基本假设可以保持其有效性。企业确实承受着无法追回的交易成本，这会阻碍其行为并使国际市场上的出口供应响应变得复杂。但是，国际化的成本和速度的大小取决于企业利用非顺序国际化模式的推动力的能力。这对于来往于发展中国家和新兴市场的公司及其在国际化中取得成功的倾向尤为重要。原创性/价值-从对国际活动倾向于不逐步发展的公司进行实证研究中获得的知识因此，从诞生之初就进入非常遥远的市场和多个国家，而没有任何先例经验就可以开始国际活动，它被用来开发一个综合框架，该框架恰当地描述了非序贯的国际化进程并不仅像文献中通常设想的那样由技术促成，而是相互依存的力量的产物。因此，本研究对当今许多中小企业遇到的快速国际化进程背后的驱动力提供了整体看法。

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