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Genetic moderation of the association between regulatory focus and reward responsiveness: a proof-of-concept study

机译：调节重点与奖赏反应性之间关联的遗传调节：概念验证研究

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Background Recent studies implicate individual differences in regulatory focus as contributing to self-regulatory dysfunction, particularly not responding to positive outcomes. How such individual differences emerge, however, is unclear. We conducted a proof-of-concept study to examine the moderating effects of genetically driven variation in dopamine signaling, a key modulator of neural reward circuits, on the association between regulatory focus and reward cue responsiveness. Method Healthy Caucasians (N=59) completed a measure of chronic regulatory focus and a probabilistic reward task. A common functional genetic polymorphism impacting prefrontal dopamine signaling (COMT rs4680) was evaluated. Results Response bias, the participants’ propensity to modulate behavior as a function of reward, was predicted by an interaction of regulatory focus and COMT genotype. Specifically, self-perceived success at achieving promotion goals predicted total response bias, but only for individuals with the COMT genotype (Val/Val) associated with relatively increased phasic dopamine signaling and cognitive flexibility. Conclusions The combination of success in promotion goal pursuit and Val/Val genotype appears to facilitate responding to reward opportunities in the environment. This study is among the first to integrate an assessment of self-regulatory style with an examination of genetic variability that underlies responsiveness to positive outcomes in goal pursuit.
机译：背景技术最近的研究表明，由于人们关注自我调节功能障碍，尤其是对积极的结果没有反应，因此在调节重点上存在个体差异。然而，这种个体差异如何产生尚不清楚。我们进行了概念验证研究，以检查多巴胺信号传导（神经奖励电路的关键调节器）中遗传驱动变异对调节重点和奖励提示反应性之间关联的调节作用。方法健康的高加索人（N = 59）完成了对长期监管重点的测量和概率性奖励任务。评估了影响前额多巴胺信号转导（COMT rs4680）的常见功能遗传多态性。结果监管偏向和COMT基因型之间的相互作用预示了反应偏差，即参与者倾向于根据奖励调节行为。具体而言，实现提升目标的自我感觉成功可预测总反应偏倚，但仅适用于具有COMT基因型（Val / Val）且相对多相多巴胺信号传导和认知灵活性相对较高的个体。结论成功实现促进目标和Val / Val基因型的结合似乎有助于响应环境中的奖励机会。这项研究是第一个将自我调节方式的评估与遗传变异性检查相结合的研究，遗传变异性是对目标追求中积极成果做出反应的基础。

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