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Conservation of the RNA Transport Machineries and Their Coupling to Translation Control across Eukaryotes

机译：RNA转运机制的保存及其与跨真核生物翻译控制的耦合。

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Restriction of proteins to discrete subcellular regions is a common mechanism to establish cellular asymmetries and depends on a coordinated program of mRNA localization and translation control. Many processes from the budding of a yeast to the establishment of metazoan embryonic axes and the migration of human neurons, depend on this type of cell polarization. How factors controlling transport and translation assemble to regulate at the same time the movement and translation of transported mRNAs, and whether these mechanisms are conserved across kingdoms is not yet entirely understood. In this review we will focus on some of the best characterized examples of mRNA transport machineries, the “yeast locasome” as an example of RNA transport and translation control in unicellular eukaryotes, and on theDrosophilaBic-D/Egl/Dyn RNA localization machinery as an example of RNA transport in higher eukaryotes. This focus is motivated by the relatively advanced knowledge about the proteins that connect the localizing mRNAs to the transport motors and the many well studied proteins involved in translational control of specific transcripts that are moved by these machineries. We will also discuss whether the core of these RNA transport machineries and factors regulating mRNA localization and translation are conserved across eukaryotes.
机译：将蛋白质限制在离散的亚细胞区域是建立细胞不对称性的常见机制，并且取决于mRNA定位和翻译控制的协调程序。从酵母出芽到后生动物胚胎轴的建立以及人类神经元迁移的许多过程都取决于这种类型的细胞极化。尚未完全了解控制运输和翻译的因素如何组装以同时调节运输的mRNA的运动和翻译，以及这些机制在整个王国之间是否保守。在本综述中，我们将重点介绍一些mRNA转运机制的最佳特征，“酵母菌局部”作为单细胞真核生物中RNA转运和翻译控制的一个例子，以及果蝇Bic-D / Egl / Dyn RNA定位机制高等真核生物中RNA转运的例子。着眼于有关将定位mRNA与运输马达连接的蛋白质以及涉及这些机器移动的特定转录本的翻译控制的许多经过充分研究的蛋白质的相对先进的知识，激发了这一重点。我们还将讨论这些RNA转运机制的核心以及调节mRNA定位和翻译的因素是否在整个真核生物中均得到保守。

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