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首页> 外文期刊>American journal of public health >Attitudes Toward Mental Illness in Adults by Mental Illness–Related Factors and Chronic Disease Status: 2007 and 2009 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System
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Attitudes Toward Mental Illness in Adults by Mental Illness–Related Factors and Chronic Disease Status: 2007 and 2009 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System

机译：通过心理疾病相关因素和慢性病状况对成人心理疾病的态度：2007年和2009年行为危险因素监测系统

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Objectives. We examined how attitudes toward mental illness treatment and its course differ by serious psychological distress, mental illness treatment, chronic disease, and sociodemographic factors using representative state-based data. Methods. Using data from jurisdictions supporting the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System’s Mental Illness and Stigma Module (35 states, the District of Columbia, and Puerto Rico), we compared adjusted proportions of adults agreeing that “Treatment can help people with mental illness lead normal lives” (treatment effectiveness) and that “People are generally caring and sympathetic to people with mental illness” (supportive environment), by demographic characteristics, serious psychological distress, chronic disease status, and mental illness treatment. Results. Attitudes regarding treatment effectiveness and a supportive environment for people with mental illness varied within and between groups. Most adults receiving mental illness treatment agreed that treatment is effective. Fewer adults with serious psychological distress than those without such distress agreed that treatment is effective. Fewer of those receiving treatment, those with psychological distress, and those with chronic disease perceived the environment as supportive. Conclusions. These data can be used to target interventions for population subgroups with less favorable attitudes and for surveillance. In the past decade, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) population surveys and health information systems have expanded content on mental illness in recognition of its growing public health burden. 1 For example, since 2006, the state-based Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) has provided state and local estimates of mental illness with 2 modules developed by the CDC and the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Administration (SAMHSA). The BRFSS Mental Illness and Stigma Module was developed in 2005 to obtain state-level estimates of serious psychological distress and attitudes toward mental illness. 2,3 Its development followed recommendations from the President’s New Freedom Commission on Mental Health and the 2005 Federal Action Agenda, Transforming Mental Health, which highlighted the need to “encourage help-seeking behaviors across the age span” and “make clear that recovery is possible” as a way to improve the acceptance and social inclusion of people with mental illness. 4,5 (p24) These recommendations, in part, also guided the development and release of SAMHSA’s campaign, What a Difference a Friend Makes, launched in 2006 to improve support for young adults with mental illness. 6 In support of this campaign, SAMHSA and the CDC identified relevant questions to assess public attitudes toward treatment effectiveness, attitudes about supportive behaviors toward people with mental illness, and experience with mental illness symptoms and mental illness treatment. 2,3 The CDC partnered with states in 2007 and 2009 to examine attitudes toward mental illness on the state-based BRFSS. Previous studies have described general findings. 2,3 Additionally, several state public health and mental health agencies have generated public reports with their data, demonstrating their value for the development and evaluation of mental health programs. 7–9 We aimed to expand previous studies by using BRFSS Mental Illness and Stigma data from 2 years (1) to examine attitudes toward mental illness among those with serious psychological distress, those with selected chronic diseases, and those reporting receipt of mental illness treatment compared with those without these conditions and those not in treatment, and (2) to identify disparities in these attitudes among different subgroups. Although these limited BRFSS surveillance data may be used to advance research questions to augment the theoretical understanding of stigma, this is beyond the scope of the current study.
机译：目标。我们使用代表性的基于状态的数据，考察了严重的心理困扰，精神疾病治疗，慢性病和社会人口统计学因素对精神疾病治疗的态度及其过程是如何不同的。方法。使用来自支持行为风险因素监视系统的心理疾病和耻辱模块的辖区（35个州，哥伦比亚特区和波多黎各）的数据，我们比较了调整后的成年人比例，他们同意“治疗可以帮助患有精神疾病的人过正常的生活” （治疗效果），以​​及“人口普遍关心并同情精神疾病患者”（支持性环境），具体取决于人口统计学特征，严重的心理困扰，慢性病状态和精神疾病治疗。结果。群体内部和群体之间对精神疾病患者的治疗效果和支持环境的态度各不相同。大多数接受精神疾病治疗的成年人都认为治疗有效。相比没有精神困扰的成年人，接受心理治疗的成年人更少。接受治疗的人，患有心理困扰的人和患有慢性疾病的人较少认为环境是支持性的。结论。这些数据可用于针对态度较差的人群进行干预，并用于监测。在过去的十年中，疾病控制和预防中心（CDC）的人口调查和健康信息系统认识到其日益增加的公共卫生负担，已经扩大了有关精神疾病的内容。 1例如，自2006年以来，基于州的行为危险因素监视系统（BRFSS）通过CDC和药物滥用和精神健康管理局（SAMHSA）开发的2个模块，提供了州和地方的精神疾病估计。 BRFSS心理疾病和耻辱模块于2005年开发，用于获得州级对严重心理困扰和对精神疾病态度的估计。 2,3其发展遵循了总统新的精神健康自由委员会和2005年联邦行动议程《转变精神健康》的建议，其中强调了“鼓励跨年龄段的寻求帮助行为”并“明确指出康复是可能”，以提高对精神疾病患者的接受度和社会包容度。 4,5 （p24）这些建议在一定程度上也指导了SAMHSA 2006年发起的运动“朋友带来了什么改变”​​的制定和发布，该运动旨在改善对患有精神疾病的年轻人的支持。 6为了支持该运动，SAMHSA和CDC确定了相关问题，以评估公众对治疗效果的态度，对精神疾病患者的支持行为的态度以及精神疾病症状和精神疾病治疗的经验。 2,3美国疾病预防控制中心在2007年和2009年与各州合作，研究了基于州的BRFSS对精神疾病的态度。先前的研究描述了一般发现。 [2,3]此外，一些州公共卫生和精神卫生机构已经使用其数据生成了公共报告，证明了它们对于制定和评估精神卫生计划的价值。 7–9我们旨在通过使用2年（1）期间的BRFSS精神疾病和柱头病数据来扩展先前的研究，以检查患有严重心理困扰的人，患有某些慢性疾病的人以及报告接受过精神病治疗的人对精神疾病的态度与没有这些条件的人和未接受治疗的人进行比较;（2）确定不同亚组在这些态度上的差异。尽管这些有限的BRFSS监视数据可用于提出研究问题，以增强对耻辱感的理论理解，但这超出了当前研究的范围。

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