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Kinetics of White Soft Minerals (WSMs) Decomposition under Conditions of Interest for Astrobiology: A Theoretical and Experimental Study

机译：天文学感兴趣的条件下白色软矿物质（WSMs）分解的动力学：理论和实验研究

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摘要

In this paper, the thermal decomposition kinetics of a class of minerals that we call White Soft Minerals (WSMs) is studied by means of theoretical and experimental methods, in connection to the transport of extraterrestrial organic matter to Earth and the possible use of the decomposition reaction in the characterization of these minerals in space. WSMs include, under a single denomination, carbonates and sulphates of Mg, Fe, and Ca. To improve the present knowledge of the properties of such materials, we use the following techniques: kinetic models for chemical decomposition, atmospheric entry models, spectroscopy, and gravimetric analyses. Model results show that the atmospheric entry of WSM grains is strongly affected by their thermal decomposition. The decomposition reaction, being strongly endothermic, tends to significantly lower the grain temperature during the atmospheric entry, especially at high altitudes and for grazing entries. A previously proposed infrared spectroscopic technique to evaluate the degree of advancement of the reaction is found to be in good agreement with gravimetric measurements for calcium carbonate. The numerical model developed for the atmospheric entry scenarios is used to interpret experimental results. These main findings show that an additional contribution to the reaction enthalpy is needed to reproduce the experimental results, suggesting that the present theoretical model needs improvements such as the account of gas diffusion in the materials.
机译：在本文中，我们通过理论和实验方法研究了外来有机物向地球的运输以及分解的可能用途，研究了一种称为白色软矿物（WSMs）的矿物的热分解动力学。这些矿物在太空中的反应。 WSM包含单一名称的Mg，Fe和Ca的碳酸盐和硫酸盐。为了提高对此类材料特性的当前了解，我们使用以下技术：化学分解的动力学模型，大气进入模型，光谱学和重量分析。模型结果表明，WSM晶粒的大气进入受其热分解的强烈影响。强烈吸热的分解反应往往会显着降低大气进入期间的谷物温度，尤其是在高海拔地区和放牧进入时。发现先前提出的用于评价反应进行程度的红外光谱技术与碳酸钙的重量分析法测量值非常一致。针对大气进入场景开发的数值模型用于解释实验结果。这些主要发现表明，需要更多对反应焓的贡献来重现实验结果，这表明当前的理论模型需要改进，例如考虑材料中气体的扩散。

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