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Guiding the future energy transition to net-zero emissions: Lessons from exploring the differences between France and Sweden

机译：指导未来的能源过渡到净零排放量：探索法国与瑞典之间差异的课程

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摘要

Despite similarities in their current energy mixes, France and Sweden's pathways have been very different since the 1970s, when both systems were highly dependent on fossil fuels. After the oil crisis, both countries chose to reduce their oil consumption by developing nuclear power. However, Sweden pursued a more diversified energy policy that has subsequently allowed it to reduce its CO2 emissions. Today, both countries have committed to a carbon neutrality goal: by 2045 for Sweden and 2050 for France. In order to understand the key factors that can drive energy transition toward a carbon neutrality goal, we propose to compare the past energy transitions in France and Sweden, two countries that have significantly reduced their CO2 emissions and fossil fuel dependency. To assess the impacts of the current energy system and its regulations on the feasibility of meeting carbon neutrality, we use TIMES bottom-up energy system optimization models. The results show that France faces more challenges in transforming its energy system than Sweden i.e. an increase in power production, a decrease in gas consumption, the replacement of heating systems in buildings, and the electrification of industry, thus confirming that its energy policy has to be driven with a long-run perspective.
机译：尽管他们当前的能量混合中的相似之处，法国和瑞典的途径自20世纪70年代以来一直非常不同，当时两个系统都高度依赖化石燃料。在石油危机之后，两国都选择通过发展核电来减少其石油消费。但是，瑞典追求更多样化的能源政策，随后允许它减少其二氧化碳排放量。如今，这两个国家都致力于碳中立点：到2045年为瑞典和2050年法国。为了了解能够推动能源转型对碳中立目标的关键因素，我们建议比较法国和瑞典的过去的能源转型，这两个国家大大减少了两氧化碳排放和化石燃料依赖。为了评估当前能源系统的影响及其关于满足碳中立性的可行性的规定，我们使用次次上升能源系统优化模型。结果表明，法国在改变其能源系统时面临的挑战比瑞典，即电力产量的增加，燃气消耗减少，建筑物中的加热系统以及行业的电气化，从而确认其能量政策必须随着长期的角度被驱动。

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  • 来源
    《Energy Policy》 |2020年第4期|111358.1-111358.13|共13页
  • 作者

    Millot Ariane; Krook-Riekkola Anna; Maizi Nadia;

  • 作者单位

    PSL Res Univ Ctr Appl Math Mines ParisTech 1 Rue Claude Daunesse F-06904 Sophia Antipolis France;

    Lulea Univ Technol Lulea Tekniska Univ Dept Engn Sci & Math S-97187 Lulea Sweden;

    PSL Res Univ Ctr Appl Math Mines ParisTech 1 Rue Claude Daunesse F-06904 Sophia Antipolis France;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

    Energy transition; Climate mitigation; Carbon neutrality; TIMES/MARKAL; France; Sweden;

    机译：能量过渡;气候缓解;碳中立;次/克拉纳;法国;瑞典;

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