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Islands as refuges for surviving global catastrophes

机译：岛屿作为幸存的全球灾难的避难所

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Purpose - Islands have long been discussed as refuges from global catastrophes; this paper will evaluate them systematically, discussing both the positives and negatives of islands as refuges. There are examples of isolated human communities surviving for thousands of years on places like Easter Island. Islands could provide protection against many low-level risks, notably including bio-risks. However, they are vulnerable to tsunamis, bird-transmitted diseases and other risks. This paper aims to explore how to use the advantages of islands for survival during global catastrophes. Design/methodology/approach - Preliminary horizon scanning based on the application of the research principles established in the previous global catastrophic literature. Findings - The large number of islands on Earth, and their diverse conditions, increase the chance that one of them will provide protection from a catastrophe. Additionally, this protection could be increased if an island was used as a base for a nuclear submarine refuge combined with underground bunkers and/or extremely long-term data storage. The requirements for survival on islands, their vulnerabilities and ways to mitigate and adapt to risks are explored. Several existing islands, suitable for the survival of different types of risk, timing and budgets, are examined. Islands suitable for different types of refuges and other island-like options that could also provide protection are also discussed. Originality/value - The possible use of islands as refuges from social collapse and existential risks has not been previously examined systematically. This paper contributes to the expanding research on survival scenarios.
机译：目的-长期以来，人们一直将岛屿视为全球灾难的避难所；本文将对它们进行系统地评估，讨论作为避难所的岛屿的正面和负面。在复活节岛等地方，存在孤立的人类社区生存了数千年的例子。岛屿可以为许多低水平风险提供保护，特别是包括生物风险。但是，它们容易遭受海啸，鸟类传播的疾病和其他风险。本文旨在探讨如何利用岛屿的优势在全球灾难中生存。设计/方法/方法-基于先前全球灾难性文献中确立的研究原则的应用进行的初步视野扫描。调查结果-地球上众多的岛屿及其各种条件，增加了其中一个岛屿提供防灾保护的机会。此外，如果将一个岛用作与地下掩体和/或超长期数据存储相结合的核潜艇避难所的基地，则可以提高这种保护。探讨了对岛屿生存的要求，其脆弱性以及减轻和适应风险的方法。对现有的几个适合不同类型风险，时间安排和预算生存的岛屿进行了检查。还讨论了适用于不同类型的避难所的岛屿以及也可以提供保护的其他类似岛屿的选择。原创性/价值-先前尚未系统地研究过将岛屿用作社会崩溃和存在风险的避难所的可能性。本文为扩大生存场景的研究做出了贡献。

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