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首页> 外文期刊>IEEE transactions on neural systems and rehabilitation engineering >Intraspinal micro stimulation generates locomotor-like and feedback-controlled movements
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Intraspinal micro stimulation generates locomotor-like and feedback-controlled movements

机译：椎间微刺激产生运动样运动和反馈控制的运动

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Intraspinal microstimulation (ISMS) may provide a means for improving motor function in people suffering from spinal cord injuries, head trauma, or stroke. The goal of this study was to determine whether microstimulation of the mammalian spinal cord could generate locomotor-like stepping and feedback-controlled movements of the hindlimbs. Under pentobarbital anesthesia, 24 insulated microwires were implanted in the lumbosacral cord of three adult cats. The cats were placed in a sling leaving all limbs pendent. Bilateral alternating stepping of the hindlimbs was achieved by stimulating through as few as two electrodes in each side of the spinal cord. Typical stride lengths were 23.5 cm, and ample foot clearance was achieved during swing. Mean ground reaction force during stance was 36.4 N, sufficient for load-bearing. Feedback-controlled movements of the cat's foot were achieved by reciprocally modulating the amplitude of stimuli delivered through two intraspinal electrodes generating ankle flexion and extension such that the distance between a sensor on the cat's foot and a free sensor moved back and forth by the investigators was minimized.. The foot tracked the displacements of the target sensor through its normal range of motion. Stimulation through electrodes with tips in or near lamina IX elicited movements most suitable for locomotion. In chronically implanted awake cats, stimulation through dorsally located electrodes generated paw shakes and flexion-withdrawals consistent with sensory perception but no weight-bearing extensor movements. These locations would not be suitable for ISMS in incomplete spinal cord injuries. Despite the complexity of the spinal neuronal networks, our results demonstrate that by stimulating through a few intraspinal microwires, near-normal bipedal locomotor-like stepping and feedback-controlled movements could be achieved.
机译：脊髓内微刺激（ISMS）可能为改善脊髓损伤，头部外伤或中风患者的运动功能提供一种手段。这项研究的目的是确定哺乳动物脊髓的微刺激是否可以产生后肢的运动样步进和反馈控制运动。在戊巴比妥麻醉下，将24条绝缘的微丝植入三只成年猫的腰s部。将猫放在吊索中，使所有四肢垂下。后肢的双向交替踩踏是通过刺激脊髓每侧少至两个电极来实现的。典型的步幅为23.5厘米，挥杆过程中足部间隙较大。站立期间的平均地面反作用力为36.4 N，足以承受负荷。猫脚的反馈控制运动是通过相互调制通过两个脊柱内电极传递的刺激幅度来产生的脚踝弯曲和伸展，从而使猫脚上的传感器与由研究者来回移动的自由传感器之间的距离达到脚在其正常运动范围内跟踪目标传感器的位移。通过在第IX层中或附近有尖端的电极刺激引起最适合运动的运动。在长期植入的清醒猫中，通过位于背侧的电极进行刺激会产生与感觉知觉一致的爪子摇动和屈伸，但没有承重伸肌运动。这些位置不适合脊髓不完全损伤的ISMS。尽管脊髓神经网络的复杂性，我们的结果表明，通过通过一些脊柱内微丝进行刺激，可以实现接近正常的双足运动样步进和反馈控制运动。

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