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首页> 外文期刊>Poultry Science >The effect of feed withdrawal and crating density in transit on metabolism and meat quality of broilers at slaughter weight
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The effect of feed withdrawal and crating density in transit on metabolism and meat quality of broilers at slaughter weight

机译：屠宰体重下饲喂量和运输板条箱密度对肉鸡代谢和肉质的影响

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摘要

Commercial broilers are exposed to a number of stressors prior to slaughter, including feed deprivation, crating density (high vs. low), and transportation. Hence, the individual and additive or overruling effects of these stressors on welfare and energy metabolism were examined. Live weight gain, rectal temperature, physiological responses, and meat quality of broilers were determined. The fasting of broilers before being transported resulted in a decrease of triglycerides, uric acid, and triiodothyronine concentrations, indicating a negative energy balance. Feed withdrawal was also associated with a reduction in body weight, and highest body weight losses were observed after being fasted for 13 h. For some parameters there was a combined effect of feed withdrawal and crating density, whereas for others the crating density overruled the effect of previous feed withdrawal: broilers that had no access to feed before being transported had higher thyroxine and lower lactate concentrations (only at high crating density) compared with their fed counterparts before the transport process, indicating the combined effect of both actions. The distinction due to the feeding pattern could no longer be observed for the plasma uric acid, nonesterified fatty acids, triglycerides, and triiodothyronine concentrations because it was overruled by the transport effect, especially if broilers were transported at high crating density. Plasma corticosterone concentrations increased as a consequence of the procedure of transportation and peaked if broilers were crated at high density. In our study, no significant effect of preslaughter stressors on meat quality, plasma creatine kinase activity, or lipid peroxidation levels were noticed. It can be concluded that transportation at high stocking densities should be avoided to reduce economic losses and stress to broilers. Plasma hormone as well as metabolites, rectal temperature, and heat shock protein 70 mRNA all indicated the high stress level of broilers. Furthermore, this effect often overruled the feed withdrawal and transport effect, indicating the importance of crating density.
机译：商业肉鸡在屠宰前要承受多种压力，包括饲料不足，板条箱密度（高与低）和运输。因此，研究了这些压力源对福利和能量代谢的个体和累加或否决作用。确定了肉鸡的体重增加，直肠温度，生理反应和肉质。肉鸡运输前的禁食导致甘油三酸酯，尿酸和三碘甲状腺素浓度降低，表明能量平衡为负。断食也与体重减轻有关，禁食13小时后观察到最大的体重减轻。对于某些参数，饲料的排出量和板条箱密度具有共同的影响，而对于其他参数，板条密度则推翻了先前的饲料排出量的影响：在运输前无法获得饲料的肉鸡甲状腺素较高，乳酸盐浓度较低（仅在高浓度时）板条箱密度）与运输过程之前的同类饲料相比，表明两种作用的综合效果。对于血浆尿酸，非酯化脂肪酸，甘油三酸酯和三碘甲甲状腺素的浓度，由于喂食方式的区别不再可见，因为它被转运效应所支配，尤其是在肉鸡以高板条箱密度转运的情况下。血浆皮质类固醇浓度由于运输程序而增加，如果肉鸡以高密度装箱则达到峰值。在我们的研究中，未注意到屠宰前应激源对肉品质，血浆肌酸激酶活性或脂质过氧化水平有显着影响。可以得出结论，应避免以高放养密度运输，以减少经济损失和对肉鸡的压力。血浆激素以及代谢产物，直肠温度和热休克蛋白70 mRNA均表明肉鸡的应激水平很高。此外，这种效应常常推翻了饲料的抽出和运输效应，表明了板条箱密度的重要性。

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