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首页> 外文期刊>Population and Development Review >Sex Differentials in Childhood Feeding, Health Care, and Nutritional Status in India
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Sex Differentials in Childhood Feeding, Health Care, and Nutritional Status in India

机译：印度在儿童喂养，保健和营养状况方面的性别差异

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A RECENT REVIEW of 306 child nutrition surveys from developing countries concluded that evidence on sex differentials in undernutrition does not support the notion that antifemale bias in intrahousehold food allocation and health care is causing excess female undernutrition (Marcoux 2002). As Marcoux noted, "the statistical evidence tells us that, where detectable differences by sex exist, boys usually fare worse than girls by anthropometric indicators." Sommerfelt and Arnold (1998) reached a similarconclusion after reviewing evidence on sex differentials in stunting, underweight, and wasting from 41 Demographic and Health Surveys. Sommerfelt and Piani (1997) examined sex differences in immunization coverage in 28 countries that participated in Demographic and Health Surveys during 1990-94 and found a "slight tendency for vaccination coverage to be somewhat higher among girls than among boys." A detailed review of literature on intrahousehold distribution of food found little evidence of discrimination against girls in feeding (Haddad et al. 1996). Basu (1993), drawing on field data from India and a review of literature on household allocation of food in South Asia, where antifemale discrimination is believed to be widespread, found little evidence of discrimination against girls. Analyzing data from a national survey in India, Mishra et al. (1999) found that boys and girls were about equally likely to be stunted and underweight, but boys were slightly more likely than girls to be wasted. Schoenbaum et al. (1995) also found no consistent evidence of differences by sex in feeding or nutritional status among children aged 0-18 months in the Gaza Strip.
机译：对发展中国家进行的306项儿童营养调查的最新回顾得出结论，即关于营养不足性别差异的证据并不支持这样的观念，即家庭内部食物分配和卫生保健中的反女性偏见导致女性过度营养不良（Marcoux 2002）。正如Marcoux所指出的那样，“统计证据告诉我们，在存在可检测到的性别差异的地方，根据人体测量学指标，男孩通常比女孩差。” Sommerfelt和Arnold（1998）在审查了41项人口与健康调查中有关发育迟缓，体重不足和消瘦的性别差异的证据后，得出了类似的结论。 Sommerfelt和Piani（1997）研究了在1990-94年间参加人口与健康调查的28​​个国家的免疫接种覆盖率之间的性别差异，发现“女孩的免疫接种率略有上升趋势，男孩高于男孩。”关于家庭内部食物分配的文献的详细审查发现，几乎没有证据表明在喂养方面歧视女孩（Haddad等人，1996年）。 Basu（1993）利用印度的实地数据和对南亚家庭食物分配文献的评论，认为反女歧视现象普遍存在，但很少发现有歧视女童的证据。 Mishra等人分析了印度全国调查的数据。 （1999）发现男孩和女孩被发育不良和体重过轻的可能性大致相同，但是男孩比女孩被浪费的可能性略高。 Schoenbaum等。 （1995年）也没有发现在加沙地带0-18个月大的儿童中，在进食或营养状况方面存在性别差异的一致证据。

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