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首页> 外文期刊>The American psychologist >Behavior Change to Prevent or Delay Type 2 Diabetes: Psychology in Action
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Behavior Change to Prevent or Delay Type 2 Diabetes: Psychology in Action

机译：预防或延迟2型糖尿病的行为改变：行动心理学

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Self-management is critical for the prevention and control of chronic health conditions. Research shows that dietary and physical activity behaviors related to obesity are inextricably linked to the development, course, and outcomes of Type 2 diabetes and its comorbidities. Therefore, a compelling case has been made for behavioral lifestyle intervention as the first-line approach. Academic psychologists and other behavioral scientists have contributed to all stages of obesity and diabetes prevention research and practice. They have made seminal contributions to the evidence-based science of health behavior change with the National Institutes of Health funded Diabetes Prevention Program randomized clinical trial and subsequent translation and dissemination efforts as exemplars. Beginning with socialcognitive learning theory and behavior modification for obesity, research psychologists have elucidated the critical elements associated with treatment efficacy and have demonstrated the benefits of identifying individuals at elevated risk and providing early intervention. Most often, the psychologist's role has been to design and evaluate programs based on behavioral principles, or supervise, train, and facilitate adherence to interventions, rather than function as the primary provider. Lifestyle interventions have made a strong public health impact, but pressing challenges remain. Issues include difficulties with long-term weight loss maintenance, heterogeneity of treatment response, pragmatic translation and dissemination concerns such as optimal training and delivery formats, scalability of lifestyle intervention programs, reimbursement, and a need for environmental and policy approaches that promote healthy lifestyle norms and behaviors for all communities. Health psychology should be at the forefront in addressing all of these concerns.
机译：自我管理对于预防和控制慢性健康状况至关重要。研究表明，与肥胖有关的饮食和体育活动行为与2型糖尿病及其合并症的发展，病程和结局有着千丝万缕的联系。因此，已经有令人信服的理由将行为生活方式干预作为第一线方法。学术心理学家和其他行为科学家为肥胖和糖尿病预防的所有阶段的研究和实践做出了贡献。他们通过美国国立卫生研究院资助的糖尿病预防计划的随机临床试验以及随后的翻译和传播工作，为基于证据的健康行为改变科学做出了开创性的贡献。从社会认知学习理论和肥胖症的行为修正开始，研究心理学家已经阐明了与治疗功效相关的关键因素，并证明了识别高风险个体并提供早期干预的益处。通常，心理学家的作用是根据行为原则设计和评估程序，或者监督，培训和促进对干预措施的遵守，而不是充当主要提供者。生活方式干预对公共卫生产生了重大影响，但紧迫的挑战依然存在。问题包括长期减肥的困难，治疗反应的异质性，实用的翻译和传播方面的问题，例如最佳培训和提供方式，生活方式干预计划的可扩展性，报销以及对促进健康生活方式规范的环境和政策方法的需求和所有社区的行为。健康心理学应该在解决所有这些问题上处于最前沿。

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