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首页> 外文期刊>The European Journal of Neuroscience >Speech processing activates visual cortex in congenitally blind humans.
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Speech processing activates visual cortex in congenitally blind humans.

机译：语音处理激活了先天性盲人的视觉皮层。

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摘要

Neurophysiological recordings and neuroimaging data in blind and deaf animals and humans suggest that perceptual functions may be organized differently after sensory deprivation. It has been argued that neural plasticity contributes to compensatory performance in blind humans, such as faster speech processing. The present study employed functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to map language-related brain activity in congenitally blind adults. Participants listened to sentences, with either an easy or a more difficult syntactic structure, which were either semantically meaningful or meaningless. Results show that blind adults not only activate classical left-hemispheric perisylvian language areas during speech comprehension, as did a group of sighted adults, but that they additionally display an activation in the homologueous right-hemispheric structures and in extrastriate and striate cortex. Both the perisylvian and occipital activity varied as a function of syntactic difficulty and semantic content. The results demonstrate that the cerebral organization of complex cognitive systems such as the language system is significantly shaped by the input available.
机译：盲，聋动物和人类的神经生理学记录和神经影像学数据表明，感觉剥夺后，感知功能的组织方式可能有所不同。有人认为，神经可塑性有助于盲人的补偿性能，例如更快的语音处理。本研究采用功能磁共振成像（fMRI）来绘制先天性盲人语言相关的大脑活动。参与者聆听具有简单或较困难的句法结构的句子，这些句子在语义上是有意义的或毫无意义的。结果表明，盲人成年人不仅在语音理解过程中像一群有视力的成年人那样激活了经典的左半球周围神经周围的语言区域，而且他们还在同源的右半球结构以及皮层和纹状皮层中显示了一种激活。周向活动和枕骨活动均根据句法难度和语义内容而变化。结果表明，复杂的认知系统（如语言系统）的大脑组织明显受到可用输入的影响。

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