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首页> 外文期刊>The Veterinary Journal >Pharmacology of the fluoroquinolones: a perspective for the use in domestic animals
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Pharmacology of the fluoroquinolones: a perspective for the use in domestic animals

机译：氟喹诺酮类药物的药理学：在家畜中使用的观点

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摘要

The fluoroquinolones are a class of compounds that comprise a large and expanding group of synthetic antimicrobial agents. Structurally, all fluoroquinolones contain a fluorine molecule at the 6-position of the basic quinolone nucleus. Despite the basic similarity in the core structure of these molecules, their physicochemical properties, pharmacokinetic characteristics and microbial activities can vary markedly across compounds. The first of the fluoroquinolones approved for use in animals, enrofloxacin, was approved in the late 1980s. Since then, five other fluoroquinolones have been marketed for use in animals in the United States, with others currently under investigation. This review focuses on the use of fluoroquinolones within veterinary medicine, providing an overview of the structure-activity relationship of the various members of the group, the clinical uses of fluoroquinolones in veterinary medicine, their pharmacokinetics and potential interspecies differences, an overview of the current understanding of the pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic relationships associated with fluoroquinolones, a summary of toxicities that have been associated with this class of compounds, their use in both in human and veterinary species, mechanisms associated with the development of microbial resistance to the fluoroquinolones, and a discussion of fluoroquinolone dose optimization. Although the review contains a large body of basic research information, it is intended that the contents of this review have relevance to both the research scientist and the veterinary medical practitioner.
机译：氟喹诺酮类化合物是一类化合物，包含大量且不断扩大的合成抗菌剂。从结构上讲，所有氟喹诺酮类药物在碱性喹诺酮核的6位上都含有一个氟分子。尽管这些分子的核心结构具有基本相似性，但它们的理化性质，药代动力学特征和微生物活性在不同化合物之间可能存在显着差异。最早批准用于动物的氟喹诺酮类药物恩诺沙星在1980年代后期获得批准。从那以后，在美国，其他五种氟喹诺酮已投放市场，可用于动物，其他的氟喹诺酮正在研究中。这篇综述着重于氟喹诺酮类在兽药中的使用，概述了该组各成员的结构-活性关系，氟喹诺酮类在兽药中的临床用途，它们的药代动力学和潜在的种间差异，以及当前的概述。对与氟喹诺酮类药物相关的药代动力学/药效学关系的了解，与此类化合物相关的毒性概述，它们在人和兽类中的使用，与微生物对氟喹诺酮类药物产生抗药性有关的机制以及讨论氟喹诺酮剂量优化。尽管该评论包含了大量的基础研究信息，但其意图是使该评论的内容与研究科学家和兽医都相关。

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