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Microwave power absorption coefficient of an ECR xenon ion thruster

机译：ECR氙离子推进器的微波吸收系数

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摘要

A 20-cm diameter xenon ion thruster with electron cyclotron resonance (ECR) discharge generates 30 mN of thrust at a total electric power consumption of I kW for spacecraft propulsion by ejecting 1.1 keV ion beam. By optimizing the discharge chamber length, magnetic held and propellant flow injection, ion beam currents of 500 mA at a microwave power of 100 W had been obtained at a frequency of 4.25 GHz with SmCo magnets arranged on a flat discharge chamber. The performance was highly dependent on the propellant injection method that affects electron-heating process. Two-dimensional microwave E-field distributions inside the discharge chamber were experimentally investigated for the best and the worst injector layouts. Microwave power absorption coefficient was estimated using the E-field distributions with and without plasma discharge. The coefficient decreases as the microwave power decreases and electron density gets close to an ECR cutoff density in all cases. The worst injector layout showed target-reflection and smaller absorption coefficient even at small beam currents. In the best configuration, microwave reflection was sufficiently smaller than 10% and 70-90% of the microwave power launched into the discharge chamber was absorbed by plasma electrons.
机译：直径为20厘米的带有电子回旋共振（ECR）放电的氙离子推进器通过发射1.1 keV离子束，以1 kW的总功耗产生30 mN的推力，用于航天器推进。通过优化放电室长度，磁保持和推进剂流动注入，在平面放电室上布置了SmCo磁体的情况下，在4.25 GHz的频率下获得了100 W微波功率下500 mA的离子束电流。该性能高度依赖于影响电子加热过程的推进剂注入方法。实验研究了放电室内二维微波电场分布，以了解最佳和最差的进样器布局。使用具有和不具有等离子体放电的电场分布来估计微波功率吸收系数。在所有情况下，系数都随着微波功率的降低和电子密度接近ECR截止密度而降低。最差的注入器布局即使在小束电流下也显示出目标反射和较小的吸收系数。在最佳配置中，微波反射比10％小得多，发射到放电室的微波功率的70-90％被等离子体电子吸收。

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