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Geographical assessment of body measurements and qualitative traits in West African cattle

机译：西非牛体形和定性特征的地理评估

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摘要

A total of 1015 adult cows belonging to nine West African cattle breeds were assessed for 16 body measurements and 18 qualitative traits to ascertain the existence of geographical patterns of variation. Sampling was carried out in 29 different provinces of Mali, Burkina Faso and Benin. For body measurements, taurine breeds took lower average values than the zebu breeds. Sanga cattle took intermediate values. Qualitative traits did not allow to differentiate among cattle groups (taurine, zebu or sanga) or breeds. Principal component analysis identified two factors explaining 56.4 and 9.2 % of the variance for body measurements, respectively. Two correspondence analysis dimensions computed on qualitative traits explained a small proportion of the variability (20.8 and 13.5 %, respectively). Contour plots were constructed using the eigenvalues computed for each individual and either factor or dimension identified; confidence regions calculated confirmed that body measurements clearly differentiated zebu and taurine cattle breeds while qualitative traits did not. Factor 1 was projected on a geographical map, using provinces as nodes, to assess breed-free variation for body measurements. A pattern of continuous variation from the Sahel area southwards was identified. Probably, breeding decisions promoting the crosses between zebu-like and taurine cattle are underlying this geographical pattern of variation. The implementation of selection strategies aiming at the increase of the productivity of native West African taurine cattle breeds while avoiding looses in trypanotolerant ability would be highly advisable.
机译：对属于9个西非牛品种的1015头成年母牛进行了16个身体测量和18个定性特征评估，以确定变异的地理模式是否存在。在马里，布基纳法索和贝宁的29个省进行了抽样。在身体测量方面，牛磺酸品种的平均价值低于zebu品种。桑加牛具有中等价值。定性性状不允许在牛群（牛磺酸，牛群或桑加）或品种之间进行区分。主成分分析确定了两个因素，分别解释了人体测量差异的56.4％和9.2％。根据定性特征计算的两个对应分析维度解释了一小部分的变异性（分别为20.8％和13.5％）。使用为每个个体计算的特征值并确定因子或维数来构造等高线图。计算的置信区域证实，体格测量清楚地区分了斑布牛和牛磺酸牛的品种，而定性性状则没有。将因子1投影到地理地图上，使用省作为节点，以评估无繁殖体变异用于身体测量。确定了从萨赫勒地区向南持续变化的模式。这种促进地理变异的地理模式可能是促进种牛和牛磺酸杂交的育种决定。强烈建议实施旨在提高西非本地牛磺酸牛品种产量，同时避免锥虫耐受能力下降的选择策略。

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