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首页> 外文期刊>HortScience >Screening Onion Plant Introduction Accessions for Tolerance to Onion Thrips and Iris Yellow Spot
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Screening Onion Plant Introduction Accessions for Tolerance to Onion Thrips and Iris Yellow Spot

机译：筛选对洋葱蓟马和鸢尾黄斑有耐性的引种洋葱

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Iris yellow spot is an economically important disease of onion that reduces bulb size and yield and is difficult to control. The disease is spread by Thrips tabaci (onion thrips) and disease symptoms are exacerbated by hot, dry climatic conditions that also favor rapid thrips multiplication and make control programs less effective. Currently, no onion cultivar is resistant to the disease and/or thrips. Certain onion foliar characteristics have shown nonpreferential feeding activity by thrips and may be the first step in developing Iris yellow spot (IYS)-tolerant onion cultivars. Seventy-five onion PI accessions from the U.S. germplasm collection were evaluated for leaf color, waxiness (bloom), and axil pattern; thrips number per plant; and IYS disease severity under conditions that favored thrips and disease buildup. Plants of PI 289689 were less attractive to thrips and had a lower number of thrips per plant than plants of most other accessions. These plants were rated as having light green to green-colored foliage and a relatively low amount of epicuticular leaf wax. Plants of Pls 239633 and 546192 generally exhibited less severe IYS disease symptoms than those of other accessions. Individual plants, that exhibited less leaf area exhibiting IYS disease symptoms, were selected at bulb maturity from 22 different accessions with PI 546140 producing the largest number of selected bulbs. Physiological plant development, environmental conditions, and tolerance to plant stress may influence the degree of disease symptom expression. Further work that examines the role of plant maturity and host plant tolerance to stress with respect to disease expression is needed.
机译：虹膜黄斑是洋葱的一种经济上重要的疾病，它会减少鳞茎的大小和产量，并且难以控制。该疾病通过烟粉蓟马（洋葱蓟马）传播，炎热干燥的气候条件加剧了疾病症状，这也有利于蓟马快速繁殖并降低控制程序的有效性。目前，没有洋葱品种对这种疾病和/或蓟马有抗性。某些洋葱的叶面特性显示其蓟马的取食活性不佳，可能是开发耐虹膜黄斑（IYS）的洋葱品种的第一步。评价了来自美国种质馆藏的75个洋葱PI种质的叶子颜色，蜡质（水华）和腋花样;每株蓟马数量;和IYS疾病的严重程度，应考虑到蓟马和疾病堆积的情况。与大多数其他种质的植物相比，PI 289689的植物对蓟马的吸引力较小，每株蓟马的数量也较少。这些植物被评定为具有浅绿色至绿色的叶子和相对少量的表皮叶蜡。 Pls 239633和546192的植物通常表现出比其他种质更轻的IYS病症状。在鳞茎成熟时，从22种不同种质中选出表现出IYS病征的较小叶面积的单株植物，其中PI 546140产生的所选鳞茎数量最多。植物的生理发育，环境条件和对植物胁迫的耐受性可能影响疾病症状表达的程度。需要进行进一步的研究，以检验植物成熟度和寄主植物对病害表达的逆境耐受性的作用。

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