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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of abnormal child psychology >Warm Parenting and Effortful Control in Toddlerhood: Independent and Interactive Predictors of School-Age Externalizing Behavior
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Warm Parenting and Effortful Control in Toddlerhood: Independent and Interactive Predictors of School-Age Externalizing Behavior

机译：温暖的父母行为和努力控制幼儿时期：学龄外在行为的独立和互动预测因子

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摘要

Externalizing symptoms, such as aggression, impulsivity, and inattention, represent the most common forms of childhood maladjustment (Campbell et al. Development and Psychopathology, 12, 467-488, 2000). Several dimensions of parenting behavior, including overreactive and warm parenting, have been linked to children's conduct problems. However, the majority of these studies involve biologically-related family members, thereby limiting understanding of the role of genetic and/or environmental underpinnings of parenting on child psychopathology. This study extends previous research by exploring associations between overreactive and warm parenting during toddlerhood and school-age externalizing problems, as well as the potential moderating effects of child effortful control (EC) on such associations using a longitudinal adoption design. The sample consisted of 225 adoption-linked families (adoptive parents, adopted child [124 male and 101 female] and birth parent[s]), thereby allowing for a more precise estimate of environmental influences on the association between parenting and child externalizing problems. Adoptive mothers' warm parenting at 27 months predicted lower levels of child externalizing problems at ages 6 and 7. Child EC moderated this association in relation to teacher reports of school-age externalizing problems. Findings corroborate prior research with biological families that was not designed to unpack genetic and environmental influences on associations between parenting and child externalizing problems during childhood, highlighting the important role of parental warmth as an environmental influence.
机译：外在症状，例如攻击性，冲动性和注意力不集中，是儿童期适应不良的最常见形式（Campbell等，Development and Psychopathology，12，467-488，2000）。育儿行为的几个方面，包括过度反应和温暖的育儿，都与儿童的行为问题有关。但是，这些研究大多数涉及与生物学相关的家庭成员，从而限制了对父母的遗传和/或环境基础对儿童心理病理学作用的理解。这项研究通过探索幼儿期过度反应和温暖的父母之间的关联以及学龄期外部化问题，以及通过纵向收养设计探索儿童努力控制（EC）对此类关联的潜在调节作用，扩展了先前的研究。该样本由225个与收养相关的家庭（收养父母，被收养的孩子（124位男性和101位女性）和亲生父母）组成，因此可以更精确地估算环境对父母与孩子外在问题之间联系的影响。领养母亲27个月的温暖育儿预示着6岁和7岁儿童外在化问题的水平较低。儿童EC主持了有关学龄儿童外在化问题的教师报告的这种关联。研究结果证实了与生物学家族的先前研究，该研究并非旨在揭示遗传和环境因素对儿童时期父母与孩子外在问题之间的关联的影响，突显了父母的温暖作为环境影响的重要作用。

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