Tell Me About Pangolins! Evidence That Children Are Motivated to Learn About Kinds

Andrei Cimpian; JoAnn J. Park

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Tell Me About Pangolins! Evidence That Children Are Motivated to Learn About Kinds

机译：告诉我穿山甲的事！激发孩子学习种类的证据

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We propose that conceptual development is facilitated by an early emerging bias that leads children to privilege learning about kinds of things in the world (e.g., dogs, chairs). Three studies (N = 144) provided evidence consistent with this proposal. When given a choice between finding out about a kind or about a concrete individual from that kind, 4- and 5-year-olds preferred to find out about the kind. This preference was broad in scope, extending to both familiar (Experiment 3) and unfamiliar (Experiments 1 and 2) kinds. Children's desire to learn about kinds was also expressed flexibly rather than being automatically cued by superficial features of the task: Children who talked to an ostensibly ignorant experimenter did not favor the facts about kinds (Experiments 1 and 3). Moreover, children's preference was specific to kinds rather than extending to plural sets more generally: Children who chose between facts about a single individual and facts about multiple individuals did not favor the latter (Experiment 2). These findings suggest that conceptual development may be driven in part by a heightened motivation to learn about kinds.

机译：我们建议，通过早期出现的偏见来促进概念发展，这种偏见导致儿童有特权学习世界上的各种事物（例如狗，椅子）。三项研究（N = 144）提供了与该提议一致的证据。在选择一种或某个具体个体之间做出选择时，4岁和5岁的孩子更愿意选择这种类型。这种偏好的范围很广，既扩展到熟悉的（实验3）又扩展到不熟悉的（实验1和2）。孩子们对种类的了解也被灵活地表达，而不是被任务的肤浅特征所自动暗示：与表面上无知的实验者交谈的孩子并不喜欢关于种类的事实（实验1和3）。而且，儿童的偏好是特定于种类的，而不是更广泛地扩展到复数集：在关于一个人的事实与关于多个人的事实之间进行选择的儿童不喜欢后者（实验2）。这些发现表明，概念发展的部分原因可能是学习种类的动机增强。

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《Journal of Experimental Psychology. General》 |2014年第1期|共10页
作者
Andrei Cimpian; JoAnn J. Park;
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正文语种 eng
中图分类心理学研究方法;
关键词
conceptual development; generic knowledge; kinds; learning; knowledge acquisition;

机译：概念发展;常识;种类;学习;知识获取;

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1. Tell Me About Pangolins! Evidence That Children Are Motivated to Learn About Kinds [J] . Andrei Cimpian, JoAnn J. Park Journal of Experimental Psychology. General . 2014,第1期

机译：告诉我穿山甲的事！激发孩子学习种类的证据
2. Motivating children to learn: the role of technology education [J] . Coral Campbell, Beverley Jane International journal of technology and design education . 2012,第1期

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3. Motivating Children to Learn Effectively: Exploring the Value of Intrinsic Integration in Educational Games [J] . M. P. Jacob Habgoodab* amp, Shaaron E. Ainswortha Journal of the Learning Sciences . 2011,第2期

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4. Motivating Children to Learn Arithmetic with an Adaptive Robot Game [C] . Joris B. Janssen, Chrissy C. van der Wai, Mark A. Neerincx, Social robotics . 2011

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5. Show me how you learn: Evidence of children's learning through repeat visits to a children's museum. [D] . Sheridan, Dana. 2005

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6. Can Social Motivators Improve Handwashing Behavior among Children? Evidence from a Cluster Randomized Trial of a School Hygiene Intervention in the Philippines [O] . Qayam Jetha, Clément Bisserbe, Jeffery McManus, 2021

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7. Occupational therapy intervention with a child is based upon an understanding and appreciation of normal development. Knowledge of current concepts and theories related to child development is essential when occupational therapist evaluates children. This background information helps therapist to plan intervention for the child. The aim of this study is to make observation video about development of about one year old child. The purpose of my study is to help occupational therapy students learn about child development. My study is practice-based thesis. It includes product, which is the observation video and study rapport. I describe my whole process in my rapport. The process includes different kinds of stages. First, I studied those theories of child development, which are used in the studies of occupational therapy for children. These theories are Moseys Developmental Frame of Reference and the theory of development according to Sensory Integration Theory. These theories are the frames of reference of my study. I organize the child development areas according to child occupations and skills. Then I start to plan, film and edit my video based on the theories of child development and the principles of making a video. In my rapport I describe all the stages of my study and explain the sequence and the content of the stages. I also evaluate the process of my study. In the observation video you can see those stages of development where about one year old child is based on the frames of reference, which I have used in my study. I believe that my observation video can at least be good for inspiring occupational therapy students learning about child development. Keywords child development, learning, observation video [O] . Lehtinen Ann-Mari 2006

机译：对儿童的职业治疗干预基于对正常发育的理解和欣赏。当职业治疗师评估儿童时，与儿童发育相关的当前概念和理论的知识必不可少。这些背景信息可帮助治疗师为孩子计划干预措施。这项研究的目的是制作有关约一岁儿童发育的观察视频。我研究的目的是帮助职业治疗学生学习儿童成长。我的研究是基于实践的论文。它包括产品，这是观察视频和学习融洽的关系。我以融洽的方式描述我的整个过程。该过程包括不同阶段。首先，我研究了有关儿童发育的理论，这些理论被用于儿童的职业治疗研究中。这些理论是Moseys发展参考框架和根据感觉统合理论的发展理论。这些理论是我研究的参考框架。我根据儿童职业和技能组织儿童发展领域。然后，我根据儿童发育理论和视频制作原理开始计划，拍摄和编辑视频。在融洽的关系中，我描述了学习的所有阶段，并解释了这些阶段的顺序和内容。我还评估了我的学习过程。在观察视频中，您可以看到那些发展阶段，其中大约一岁的孩子基于我的研究框架。我相信，我的观察视频至少可以对激发职业治疗的学生学习儿童发育有帮助。关键字儿童发展，学习，观察视频

Tell Me About Pangolins! Evidence That Children Are Motivated to Learn About Kinds

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