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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Fish Diseases >Probiotics, immunostimulants, plant products and oral vaccines, and their role as feed supplements in the control of bacterial fish diseases
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Probiotics, immunostimulants, plant products and oral vaccines, and their role as feed supplements in the control of bacterial fish diseases

机译：益生菌，免疫刺激剂，植物产品和口服疫苗，以及它们作为饲料补充品在控制细菌性鱼类疾病中的作用

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摘要

There is a rapidly increasing literature pointing to the success of probiotics, immunostimulants, plant products and oral vaccines in immunomodulation, namely stimulation of the innate, cellular and/or humoral immune response, and the control of bacterial fish diseases. Probiotics are regarded as live micro-organisms administered orally and leading to health benefits. However, in contrast with the use in terrestrial animals, a diverse range of micro-organisms have been evaluated in aquaculture with the mode of action often reflecting immunomodulation. Moreover, the need for living cells has been questioned. Also, key subcellular components, including lipopolysaccharides, have been attributed to the beneficial effect in fish. Here, there is a link with immunostimulants, which may also be administered orally. Furthermore, numerous plant products have been reported to have health benefits, namely protection against disease for which stimulation of some immune parameters has been reported. Oral vaccines confer protection against some diseases, although the mode of action is usually linked to humoral rather than the innate and cellular immune responses. This review explores the relationship between probiotics, immunostimulants, plant products and oral vaccines.
机译：迅速增加的文献指出益生菌，免疫刺激剂，植物产品和口服疫苗在免疫调节方面的成功，即刺激先天，细胞和/或体液免疫反应以及控制细菌性鱼类疾病。益生菌被视为口服的活微生物，可带来健康益处。但是，与在陆生动物中使用相反，已经在水产养殖中对各种微生物进行了评估，其作用方式通常反映了免疫调节作用。此外，对活细胞的需求也受到质疑。同样，关键的亚细胞成分，包括脂多糖，也被归因于对鱼类的有益作用。在这里，与免疫刺激剂有联系，也可以口服给予。此外，据报道许多植物产品具有健康益处，即针对疾病的防护，据报道该疾病刺激了某些免疫参数。口服疫苗可以预防某些疾病，尽管作用方式通常与体液有关，而不是先天和细胞免疫反应。这篇评论探讨了益生菌，免疫刺激剂，植物产品和口服疫苗之间的关系。

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